According to the current Airport planning and design practices, for a given demand level there is a corresponding space requirement. While in practice, there are always trade-offs between cost and levels of service, labor and automation, equipment and fixed facilities, and expansion of existing facilities and the addition of new ones. In this research, the airport passenger Terminal Building (P...

The primary challenge of cloud service providers is finding ways to maintain a high degree of Quality of Service (QoS) in a cost-effective manner to ensure either profitability (for business-based cloud service providers) or cost avoidance (for government cloud service providers). The traditional approach to improving system performance is to upgrade the servers and/or network backbone, an expe...

AIM To examine the relationship between service use and outcomes (individual and wider consequences) using an economic analysis of a direct-access alcohol detoxification service in Manchester (the Smithfield Centre) and an NHS partial hospitalization programme in Newcastle upon Tyne (Newcastle and North Tyneside Drug and Alcohol Service, Plummer Court). METHODS A total of 145 direct-access ad...

Achieving good value with scarce resources is a substantial moral issue for global health. This claim may be surprising to some, since conversations on the ethics of global health often focus on moral concerns about justice, fairness, and freedom. But outcomes and consequences are also of central moral importance in setting priorities. In this chapter we explore the moral relevance of cost-effe...

OBJECTIVE To assess the cost-effectiveness of an ambulance service within a comprehensive hospital/community-based program aimed at improving access and quality of reproductive health in poor-resources settings. METHODS Obstetrical cases referred to the hospital with the ambulance during a 3-month period were prospectively recorded. Clinical indications were used to determine the effectivenes...

Annual direct costs for cancer care are projected to rise — from $104 billion in 20061 to over $173 billion in 2020 and beyond.2 This increase has been driven by a dramatic rise in both the cost of therapy3 and the extent of care.4 In the United States, the sales of anticancer drugs are now second only to those of drugs for heart disease, and 70% of these sales come from products introduced in ...

background among all pediatric cancers acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is highly prevalent, butthe overall cost of all management is not well-known, there is a need to assess the berlin-frankfurt-munster (bfm) protocol commonly used in all management in iran. so, the aim of this study was to estimate direct and indirect costs of all treatment among children based on the all-bfm protocol from...

We present the first detailed application of Meadows’s cost-based modelling framework to the analysis of JFK, an Internet key agreement protocol. The analysis identifies two denial of service attacks against the protocol that are possible when an attacker is willing to reveal the source IP address. The first attack was identified through direct application of a cost-based modelling framework, w...