In this chapter we look at the strategic issue facing firms regarding whether or not to remanufacture their used products. We identify some direct costs of remanufacturing as well as some opportunity costs that should be included in a firm’s decision to remanufacture or support the secondary market of remanufactured products. We also explore how this decision may change under different competit...

introduction: hospitals as important sector of health care system has special location in health economic science. increasing of the operational costs in hospital and limitation in financing cause that hospital as an economic firm use cost analysis and prepare effective using of resource and boost productivity. therefore this study was conducted to calculate daily- patient hotel cost in hospita...

Objective: Type 2 diabetes is amongst the most common chronic illnesses in Iran. Its prevalence is increasing and it has significant economic importance. The aim of this study was to estimate direct therapeutic and non-therapeutic costs of type 2 diabetes Patients Referred to the Diabetes Research Center of Yazd in 2012. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 250 ...

conclusions the study showed that the costs associated with cardiovascular diseases were not reasonable for many of these patients and their families. this certainly requires more consideration by managers and policy makers in the health care sector and the implementation of effective interventions. results the study findings showed that the total cost of cardiovascular diseases was 13,074,700 ...

Economic impacts of agricultural carbon sequestration involve direct costs of sequestration management adoption as well as a variety of indirect costs and benefits. The nature and significance of these impacts are discussed. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in agriculture is identified as an influential factor. Techniques to estimate the cost of agricultural carbon sequestration are briefly r...