A 55-year-old lady underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy due to dyspeptic symptoms. Endoscopy revealed a diminutive flat reddened lesion measuring less than 2mm which appeared as an erosion in the proximal gastric body and a second diminutive one in the distal part of the gastric body [Fig. 1a, b]. Magnification Endoscopy with and without Narrow Band Imaging demonstrated distinctly differe...

Gender agreement elicitation was used with Russian children to examine how diminutives common in Russian child-directed speech affect gender learning. Forty-six children (2;9-4;8) were shown pictures of familiar and of novel animals and asked to describe them after hearing their names, which all contained regular morphophonological cues to masculine or feminine gender. Half were presented as si...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the results of a novel transcatheter management approach in tetralogy of Fallot with diminutive pulmonary arteries. BACKGROUND Tetralogy of Fallot with diminutive pulmonary arteries and severe pulmonary stenosis is rare and resembles tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia: There is a high incidence of aortopulmonary collateral channels, arborizati...

The influence of non-contrastive phonetic details such as intergestural timing, stop release burst and articulatory effort expense on phonological patterning has been discussed extensively in Browman & Goldstein (1992), Flemming (1995), Jun (1995), Kirchner (1997), Silverman (1997), Boersma (1998), Gordon (1999), Hayes (1999), Steriade (1999, 2000), Zhang (forthcoming), among others. Even thoug...

Universal #1926 (originally 1932) from Plank and Filimonova’s Universals Archive states that diminutives are characterized in high front vowels and augmentatives in high back vowels (ibid.) Ultan (1978) and Niewenhuis (1985) have extended this observation by the claim that palatal and post-alveolar consonants prevail in diminutives and back consonants are characterized for augmentatives. The ci...

Background and study aims  In an optical diagnosis strategy, diminutive polyps that are endoscopically characterized with high confidence are removed without histopathological analysis and distal hyperplastic polyps are left in situ. We evaluated the effectiveness and costs of optical diagnosis. Methods  Using the Adenoma and Serrated pathway to Colorectal CAncer (ASCCA) model, we simulated b...

BACKGROUND Polyps identified at colonoscopy are predominantly diminutive (<5 mm) with a small risk (>1%) of high-grade dysplasia or carcinoma; however, the cost of histological assessment is substantial. AIM The aim of this study was to determine whether prediction of colonoscopy surveillance intervals based on real-time endoscopic assessment of polyp histology is accurate and cost effective....

BACKGROUND Optical diagnostic involves predicting polyp histopathology from its endoscopic characteristics. It is only recommended for diminutive polyps ( < or = 5 mm) and for predictions made with high confidence. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the accuracy of optical imaging in clinical practice and to assess if optical diagnosis is useful for predicting future colonoscopy surveillance intervals wi...

We investigated how Taiwanese diminutive suffix -a is phonetically realized in both juncture and context positions. As a grammatical morpheme, suffix -a is similar to Mandarin diminutive suffix -zi as in yi-zi “chair”. While Mandarin suffix -zi always has a neutral tone or belongs to an unstressed syllable, Taiwanese -a is widely accepted as having a full tone. However, due to the same function...