We describe a comparative approach to micrometeorological measurements of surface energy, water vapor, and trace gas fluxes, in which mobile eddy correlation towers are moved among sites every 9–14 days, allowing both direct and indirect comparison of fluxes among ecosystem types. Structurally distinct ecosystems in Alaskan arctic tundra differed in the relationships between net radiation and s...

RR fluxes representing different cohomology classes may correspond to the same twisted K-theory class. We argue that such fluxes are related by monodromies, generalizing and sometimes T-dual to the familiar monodromies of a D7-brane. A generalized “theta angle” is also transformed, but changes by a multiple of 2π. As an application, NS5-brane monodromies modify the twisted K-theory classificati...

In this paper we investigate the performance of the weighted essential non-oscillatory (WENO) methods based on different numerical fluxes, with the objective of obtaining better performance for the shallow water equations by choosing suitable numerical fluxes. We consider six numerical fluxes, i.e., Lax-Friedrichs, local Lax-Friedrichs, Engquist-Osher, Harten-Lax-van Leer, HLLC and the first-or...

The uncertainty in the calculation of atmospheric neutrino fluxes is studied. The absolute value of atmospheric neutrino fluxes is sensitive to variation of the primary cosmic ray flux model and/or the interaction model. However, the ratios between different kind of neutrinos stay almost unchanged with these variations. It is unlikely that the anomalous ratio (νµ/νe) obs /(νµ/νe)MC reported by ...

Sodium fluxes across the isolated rabbit corneal endothelium were measured as a function of ambient pH and bicarbonate concentrations. At pH 7, the net sodium flux (J endo str net) was effectively obliterated at all bicarbonate concentrations, relative to controls at pH 7.5. At pH 8, the net sodium flux was obliterated at 5 mM bicarbonate, was unchanged at 25 mM bicarbonate, and was enhanced at...

The uncertainty in the calculation of atmospheric neutrino fluxes is studied. The absolute value of atmospheric neutrino fluxes is sensitive to variation of the primary cosmic ray flux model and/or the interaction model. However, the ratios between different kind of neutrinos stay almost unchanged with these variations. It is unlikely that the anomalous ratio (νµ/νe) obs /(νµ/νe)MC reported by ...

The influence of particular enzyme activities on the flux of metabolites in a pathway can be estimated by 'modulating' enzymes (i.e. changing turnover or concentration) and measuring the response in various parts of the system. By controlling the nuclear ration of two genetically different nuclear types in heterokaryons, the enzyme concentrations at four different steps in the arginine pathway ...

Constraint-based models of cellular metabolism, such as flux balance analysis (FBA), use convex analysis and optimization to study metabolic networks at a genome scale. The availability of reaction lists for numerous organisms, along with a variety of network analysis and optimization tools, is making these approaches increasingly popular for metabolic engineering and biomedical applications, a...

In this investigation, Eu3+ doped YVO4 /YBO3 phosphors were synthesized individually by conventional solid state method at 1100 °C under atmosphere condition. Meanwhile, different amounts of LiClwere used as the flux compound to modify the morphology of the phosphor particles and also final luminescence properties. It was concluded that even small amounts of fluxes play a vital role in the grow...