As diabetes mellitus rapidly increases worldwide, diabetic neuropathy is the most common long-term debilitating complication of diabetes, and is the main initiating factor for foot ulceration and amputation without trauma. Foot ulceration and amputation is much more common in neuropathic patients, with the annual incidence rising from <1% in those without neuropathy to more than 7% in those wit...

Preceding the joint meeting of the 19th annual Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (NEURODIAB) and the 8th International Symposium on Diabetic Neuropathy in Toronto, Canada, 13-18 October 2009, expert panels were convened to provide updates on classification, definitions, diagnostic criteria, and treatments of diabetic peripheral neuropathies (D...

It is well documented that diabetic rats and subjects have a paradoxical resistance to ischemic conduction block although the nerves of diabetes are more susceptible to entrapment neuropathies. The aim of the present study was to further analyze the effect of anoxia on the diabetic nerve. Nerve conduction was measured in vitro in desheathed sciatic nerves from spontaneously diabetic rats (BB-Wi...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global public health problem of epidemic proportions, with 60-70% of affected individuals suffering from associated neurovascular complications that act on multiple organ systems. The most common and clinically significant neuropathies of T2DM include uremic neuropathy, peripheral neuropathy, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. These conditions seriously impac...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of blindness worldwide and is the number one cause of blindness in working-age individuals in developed countries. We review the current literature and discuss the pathogenesis, modifying risk factors, genetics, and treatment of DR. Special focus is placed on the rationale and effectiveness of therapeutic modalities, both current and future.

The diabetic neuropathies are heterogeneous, affecting different parts of the nervous system that present with diverse clinical manifestations. They may be focal or diffuse. Most common among the neuropathies are chronic sensorimotor distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DPN) and the autonomic neuropathies. DPN is a diagnosis of exclusion. The early recognition and appropriate management of neuropat...

Diabetes mellitus is the commonest cause of neuropathy worldwide. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) develops in about 4-10% of diabetic patients after 5 years and in 15% after 20 years. Four main mechanisms have been postulated to underlie the pathogenesis of DN. Diabetic neuropathy can be divided into symmetrical and asymmetrical neuropathies. Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy (DAN) parallels the severity ...

3 " Det finns vissa saker som är absoluta, till exempel havsströmmar och årstider och att solen går upp om mornarna. Och att fyrarna brinner. " Tove Jansson " Pappan och havet " 4