Introduction Gradient and shim coils are required to generate a magnetic field of particular spatial form when energised with electric current. The design of these coils is a well studied inverse problem [1] that is inherently ill-conditioned with an infinite number of solutions. In order to obtain a single solution, the system must be regularised, which is commonly achieved by minimising the s...

in the absence of herbicides, cover crops play an important role for weed management in organic than in conventional farming. therefore, in order to evaluate the effects of cover crop management and plant density of buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum) as cover crop on weed suppression, a field experiment was conducted at the research farm of university of zanjan, during the growing season of 2011....

This project was focused on a basic scientific problem, one that is at the heart of application and development of superconductivity for efficient energy usage. This is improvement in high current density which can only be achieved by learning to pin vortices to the physical structure of its underlying superconducting material. Quantized vortices are the tornado of electrical supercurrents, ubi...

Current Source Density analysis (CSD) is a class of methods of analysis of extracellular electric potentials recorded at multiple sites leading to estimates of current sources generating the measured potentials. It is usually applied to low-frequency part of the potential (called the Local Field Potential, LFP) and to simultaneous recordings or to recordings taken with fixed time reference to t...

Imaging of electrical current by measuring the magnetic field which it produces requires the solution of the magnetic inverse problem. For a current restricted to a plane, the inverse problem can theoretically be solved by a linear spatial filtering method. We have demonstrated experimentally that currents restricted to the surface of a printed circuit board can be imaged using this method. To ...