OBJECTIVE Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an important joint marker and the substrate for hyaluronidase (HAase). Synovial fluid (SF) and serum HAase were measured to investigate the potential use of HAase as a joint marker in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. METHODS The subjects were 39 patients with RA and 42 patients with OA. HAase activity was measured by zymography and ...

Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a widely used fungicide that shows toxicity to aquatic embryos, probably through rain-wash. Here, we specifically focus on its toxic effect on eye development in zebrafish, as well as the role of retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A that controls proliferation and differentiation of retinal photoreceptor cells, in this toxicity. Embryos were exposed to PBZ with o...

This research investigates three ongoing language changes in Japanese: sa-Insertion, ra-Deletion, and re-Insertion, in light of the “change from above/below” (Labov 1990). Sa-Insertion involves a process, which adds an extra -asto the causative morpheme, yielding a double causative construction (1). Ra-Deletion involves a process which deletes -rain the potential morpheme (2). Re-Insertion invo...

hemoglobin (hb) h disease is a moderate form of α- thalassemia resulting from various genetic defects. hbh disease is not necessarily a benign disorder as has been generally thought. we present hereby a 25- year-old iranian pregnant woman whom referred to our hospital for blood transfusion. she exhibited the clinical and hematological manifestation of hbh disease. her father carries a common α-...

Background. Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells can be differentiated in vitro by aggregation and/or retinoic acid (RA) treatment. The principal differentiation lineage in vitro is extraembryonic primitive endoderm. Dab2, Laminin, GATA4, GATA5, and GATA6 are expressed in embryonic primitive endoderm and play critical roles in its lineage commitment. Results. We found that in the absence of GATA4 or...

objective(s):to culture thein vitro mouse embryonic stem cells (mescs) and to direct their  differentiation to germ-line cells; in present study we used a vector backbone containing the fusion construct stra8-egfp to select differentiated es cells that entered meiosis.  retinoic acid was used to differentiate embryonic stem cells to germ cells. materials and methods: a fragment of stra8 gene pr...

Medical discourse has recently attracted much scholarly attention. However, few studies have concentrated on both the overall rhetorical structure of the research article (RA) and the specific lexicogrammatical features of the texts, particularly English-Persian contrastive studies on medical RAs. Relying on Nwogu’s (1997) framework, the present study aimed at providing a macroanalysis of the I...

The past few years have seen the identification of new biomarkers that have shown considerable promise [1] in assessing disease severity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Plasma neopterin is an emerging and promising marker to assess disease activity in patients with RA [2, 3]. For instance, early RA patients have a mean neopterin concentration of 8.92 nmol/liter in comparison to a co...