Esophageal motility disturbances are common in diabetics in general and are most prevalent in these with peripheral neuropathy or autonomic neuropathy. The usual findings are a decrease in the amplitude of esophageal contractions in the smooth muscle portion of the body, frequent absence of primary peristalsis, simultaneous or repetitive body contractions, and a decrease in the velocity of peri...

The nerve agents, GA, GB, and VX are organophosphorus esters that form a major portion of the total agent volume contained in the U.S. stockpile of unitary chemical munitions. Congress has mandated the destruction of these agents, which is currently slated for completion in 2004. The acute, chronic, and delayed toxicity of these agents is reviewed in this analysis. The largely negative results ...

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and non-irritating gas produced as a result of incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels and materials. CO can affect all tissue organs including the brain, heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, skin, peripheral nerve, etc. (1). The clinical presentation of CO poisoning are variable and nonspecific. It is well-known about CO intoxication of brain ...

Drug-induced peripheral neuropathy had been rarely reported as an adverse effect of some antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) at high cumulative doses or even within the therapeutic drug doses or levels. We describe clinical and diagnostic features of a patient with peripheral neuropathy as an adverse effect of chronic topiramate (TPM) therapy. A 37-year-old woman was presented for the control of active ...

This brief review summarizes recent observations which suggest a possible mechanism for organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN). Neuropathy target esterase (NTE) has been shown to deacylate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho). Raised levels of PtdCho are present in the brains of Swiss cheese/NTE mutant Drosophila together with abnormal membrane structures...

The aim of the study: to investigate by means of pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEPs) early neuropathic changes in Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) patients without any clinical symptoms of optic neuropathy in order to evaluate the prevalence of subclinical optic neuropathy in GO patients and to elucidate whether there is a relationship between PVEP (P100 and N75 latency), intraocular pressure (...

BACKGROUND Non-systemic vasculitic peripheral neuropathy is a rare condition characterized by necrotizing inflammation resulting in luminal narrowing of the vasa nervorum, leading to ischemic injury to peripheral nerves. Here, we present the case of 63-year-old woman with subacute onset of severe hyperesthesia of the lower extremities accompanied by foot drop. CASE REPORT A 63-year-old woman ...

Neuropathy target esterase (NTE) is a membrane-bound carboxylesterase activity that has been proposed as the target site for initiation of organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy. This activity is identified by its resistance to treatment with Paraoxon and sensitivity to co-incubation with Paraoxon and Mipafox. Sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation of membrane-associated proteins isolated ...