Discharging a high-energy spark underwater creates a shock wave which dissipates through an acoustic field. The hydroxyl radicals created by the field are able to mildly oxidize the surfaces of ink and toner particles suspended in water, thereby decreasing their zeta potential. This decrease inhibits the tendency of the particles to reattach to fiber, which is negatively charged. Pilot studies ...

The pulp and paper industry has started applying new, ecologically sound technology (biotechnology) in its manufacturing processes. Many interesting enzymatic applications have been proposed. Implemented technologies tend to change the existing industrial process as little as possible. Enzymes have great potentials in solving many problems associated with the use of recycled fiber, especially r...

Two enzymatic extracts obtained from xylan-grown Aspergillus terreus CCMI 498 and cellulose-grown Trichoderma viride CCMI 84 were characterised for different glycanase activities. Both strains produce extracellular endoxylanase and endoglucanase enzymes. The enzymes optimal activity was found in the temperature range of 45-60 degrees C. Endoglucanase systems show identical activity profiles tow...

The discussers have read this paper with considerable interest and, like the authors and many others, they have also observed that compressibility can significantly influence the unsaturated properties of soft materials. Obtaining valuable experimental results on these types of materials is quite a challenge, and the authors should be commended for their effort to measure the WRC of deinking re...

Three approaches were examined for the reutilization of cold caustic extraction (CCE) lye. The term CCE lye refers here to used NaOH solution with relatively high alkali content, which could be wasted if not reused properly. results showed that can effectively applied in deinking, alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching, and oxygen delignification processes. improved physical strength dried sheet ...