The implications of hyperon pairing for the thermal evolution of neutron stars containing hyperons are investigated. The outcome of cooling simulations are compared for neutron star models composed only of nucleons and leptons, models including hyperons, and models including pairing of hyperons. We show that lambda and neutron pairing suppresses all possible fast neutrino emission processes in ...

We find a new mechanism of neutron star radiation wherein thermally excited helical waves of vortices in the superfluid core of a rotating neutron star produce its radiation spectrum. We find that neutron stars with a superfluid core of bosons (bosonic stars) are powerful sources of radio waves, their radiation spectrum is not Planck’s and similar to the spectrum observed from a class of quasi-...

We summarize the current observational evidence for associations between supernova remnants and neutron stars, including radio pulsars, proposed “inactive” young neutron stars, “anomalous” X-ray pulsars, and soft gamma-ray repeaters, and argue that the paradigm that all young neutron stars are Crab-like requires reconsideration.

We present new population synthesis calculations of close young neutron stars. In comparison with our previous investigation we use a different neutron star mass spectrum and different initial spatial and velocity distributions. The results confirm that most of ROSAT dim radioquiet isolated neutron stars had their origin in the Gould Belt. Several tens of young neutron stars can be identified i...

We briefly review recent theoretical studies of the effects of accreted envelopes, magnetic fields and crustal superfluidity on the cooling of neutron stars. These effects are especially important for slowly cooling low-mass neutron stars, where direct Urca process of neutrino emission is forbidden. The effects are useful for interpretation of observations of several isolated middle-aged neutro...

I give an overview of the most important observational tools to study the magnetospheres of accreting neutron stars, with a focus on accreting neutron stars in high mass X-ray binary systems. Topics covered are the different types of accretion onto neutron stars and the structure of the accretion column, and how models for these can be tested with observations.

We construct partially ionized hydrogen atmosphere models for magnetized neutron stars in radiative equilibrium with fixed surface fields between B 1⁄4 10 and 2 ; 10 G and effective temperatures log TeA 1⁄4 5:5Y6:8, as well as with surface B and Teff distributions around these values. The models are based on the latest equation of state and opacity results for magnetized partially ionized hydro...

Recently launched x-ray telescopes have discovered several candidate isolated neutron stars. The thermal radiation from these objects may potentially constrain our understanding of nuclear physics in a realm inaccessible to terrestrial experiments. To translate the observed fluxes from neutron stars into constraints, one needs precise calculations of the heat transfer through the thin insulatin...

We present new population synthesis calculations of close young neutron stars. In comparison with our previous investigation we use a different neutron star mass spectrum and different initial spatial and velocity distributions. The results confirm that most of ROSAT dim radioquiet isolated neutron stars had their origin in the Gould Belt. Several tens of young neutron stars can be identified i...

Using recently calculated analytic and numerical models for the thermal structure of ultramagnetized neutron stars, we estimate the effects that ultrastrong magnetic fields B ≥ 10 G have on the thermal evolution of a neutron star. Understanding this evolution is necessary to interpret models that invoke “magnetars” to account for soft γ-ray emission from some repeating sources. Subject headings...