SIR,-A man aged 40 was admitted in July 1967 with a reducible right inguinal hernia and an undescended left testis. The right testis, normal in size and consistency, was present in the scrotum. Exploration of the right inguinal canal revealed a completely patent processus vaginalis with the testis inside the sac. On applying traction to the testis, an oval mass, apparently intra-abdominal, was ...

Four different aquaporins (AQP1, 2, 5 and 9), integral membrane water channels that facilitate rapid passive movement of water, were immuno-localized in the excurrent ducts collected from sexually mature cats during orchiectomy. Aquaporins 1, 2 and 9, were immuno-localized at distinct levels, whereas AQP5 was undetectable all along the feline genital tract. No immunoreactivity was present at th...

The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the coadministration of testosterone (TE; 200 micro g) with 10 micro g of diethylstilbestrol (DES) between days 2 and 12 postnatally could prevent the adverse gross reproductive tract changes and associated loss of androgen receptor (AR) expression induced by DES treatment alone. Various endpoints (rete testis area, efferent duct lumen a...

The ampulla ureter and ampulla urogenital ⁄ uriniferous papilla represent differing morphologies of the caudal urogenital ducts in snakes. The ampulla ureter is an enlarged portion of the caudal extremity of the ureter that communicates the cranial regions of the ureter and the ductus deferens ⁄Wolffian duct to the urodaeum. The ampulla urogenital ⁄ uriniferous papilla is an enlarged pouch, dis...

Limnodrilus simplex sp. nov. (Oligochaeta: Naididae: Tubificinae) is described based on a single specimen from the mainstream of the Changjiang River near Anqing City, Anhui Province, China. The new species is assigned to Limnodrilus by the presence of long vasa deferentia, spindle-shaped atria with long ejaculatory ducts, large prostate glands, and thick cylindrical penial sheaths. It differs ...

Duplication of the vas deferens is a very rare congenital anomaly in which two vasa deferentia coexist within the spermatic cord. Duplication of the vas deferens can be found during herniorrhaphy, vasectomy, and varicocelectomy performed on the spermatic cord or around the spermatic cord. However, it is estimated that the incidence of duplication of the vas deferens is under-reported and under-...

Reproductive parameters evaluation is considered as helpful tool for gene bank formation in ecological and economically important animals species. Gloydius halys caucasicus is venomous, viviparous pit viper of northwest of Iran. In this research, the spermatic reproductive parameters of this taxon were studied. Twenty six male snakes were collected from Takht-e-Soleiman region between September...

introduction: many reports have shown that the grape (vitis vinifera) seed extract induces antioxidant, hypotensive hypolipidemic, and vasodilatory effects. we have recently shown the relaxatory effect of grape leaf extract on rat's aorta, ileum, uterus and frog's heart rate and contractility. the objective of this study was to investigate the spasmolytic effect of vitis vinifera leaf hydroalco...

HCO3- -rich fluid in the pancreatic juice (2-3 L/day) is secreted by epithelial cells lining the pancreatic duct tree, while digestive enzymes are secreted by acinar cells with a small amount of Cl- -rich fluid. Ductal HCO3- secretion is not only regulated by gastrointestinal hormones and cholinergic nerves but is also influenced by luminal factors: intraductal pressure, Ca2+ concentration, pat...

Abstract Background Transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) is a rare congenital anomaly in which both the testis are same hemiscrotum or one inguinal canal of side. It usually associated with other anomalies such as hernia, persistent Mullerian duct syndrome (PMDS), true hermaphroditism, and pseudo-hermaphroditism. In this case report, we present TTE an adult patient fused vas deferens, aplastic r...