An automatic inverse method has been developed for generating layered earth models from electrical sounding data. The models have the minimum number of layers required to fit a resistivity sounding curve or a combined resistivity and induced polarization sounding. The ground is modeled using a very large number of thin layers to accommodate arbitrary variations. The properties of the layers are...

We report the first radar soundings of the ionosphere of Mars with the MARSIS (Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding) instrument on board the orbiting Mars Express spacecraft. Several types of ionospheric echoes are observed, ranging from vertical echoes caused by specular reflection from the horizontally stratified ionosphere to a wide variety of oblique and diffuse echoes...

the objective of this research is to represent applicability of surface nuclear magnetic resonance (snmr) in aquifer characterization, based on snmr and electrical resistivity tomography data. snmr is the only geophysical method that directly detects water. two important parameters, porosity and permeability are available through inversion of initial amplitude and decay time constant versus pul...

In this paper, we consider uplink channel sounding in time division duplex (TDD) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based cellular systems. The channel information provided by uplink sounding may be necessary to exploit closed loop transmission techniques in TDD-OFDM systems. However, conventional sounding schemes may suffer from large sounding overhead, significantly restricting...

Due to the lower ionospheric thermal pressure and existence of crustal magnetism at Mars, Martian ionopause is expected behave differently from Venus. We study solar wind interaction balance Mars using both in situ remote sounding measurements MARSIS (Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface Ionosphere Sounding) instrument on Express orbiter. show that magnetic usually dominates hold off with only 13...

In this study, we propose a deep neural network for reconstructing intelligible speech from silent lip movement videos. We use auditory spectrogram as spectral representation of speech and its corresponding sound generation method resulting in a more natural sounding reconstructed speech. Our proposed network consists of an autoencoder to extract bottleneck features from the auditory spectrogra...