background & importance: primary hemifacial spasm is usually caused by microvascular compression of the facial nerve at its root exit zone at brainstem without any space-occupying pathology. secondary or so-called symptomatic hemifacial spasm has an additional underlying pathology e.g. tumors leading to the microvascular compression. we review and discuss the pathophysiology and the literature ...

conclusions both dexmedetomidine and esmolol can be used as agents to control hypotension in patients undergoing lumbar spine decompression and fixation surgery; the dexmedetomidine group, however, was associated with better intraoperative hemodynamic stability and reduced intraoperative analgesic and volatile anaesthetic requirement. results the study results showed that dexmedetomidine had lo...

prior animal models have shown that rats sustaining 3-second immediate spinal cord compression had significantly better functional recovery and smaller lesion volumes than rats subjected to compression times of 1 hour, 6 hours, 3 weeks, and 10 weeks after spinal cord injury. we compare locomotor rating scales and spinal cord histopathology after 3 seconds and 10 minute compression times. . ten ...

Deep sea divers, aviators and astronauts are at risk of decompression sickness when the ambient pressure reductions exceed a critical threshold. Venous bubbles associated with decompression sickness have the potential to react with the vascular membrane and adjacent blood products, eliciting an inflammatory cascade. Preventive measures usually involve careful decompression procedures to avoid o...

BACKGROUND Deep decompression stops are increasingly common in recreational technical diving. Concerns exist that they shift decompression stress back into slower tissues. A diver recorded an exceptional exposure dive, with deeps stops, on a commercially available dive computer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using the R package SCUBA tissue inert gas pressures in 17 Bühlmann (ZH-L16A) compartments wer...

Decompression stress can cause endothelial injury, leading to systematic inflammation and prothrombotic phenomena. Our previous work found that endothelial injury following decompression correlated positively with bubble formation. This study aimed to investigate the time course of endothelial injury and the relationship with bubble amounts. Rats were subjected to a simulated air dive to 7 ATA ...

BACKGROUND Bifrontal contusion is a common clinical brain injury. In the early stage, it is often mild, but it progresses rapidly and frequently worsens suddenly. This condition can become life threatening and therefore requires surgery. Conventional decompression craniectomy is the commonly used treatment method. In this study, the effect of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitored stepwise intra...

BACKGROUND/AIM To investigate the effects of conservative therapy applied before arthroscopic subacromial decompression on the clinical outcome in patients with stage 2 shoulder impingement syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-eight patients having stage 2 shoulder impingement syndrome and treated with arthroscopic subacromial decompression were included in the study. We divided these patien...

Previous studies have documented that decompression led to endothelial dysfunction with controversial results. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between endothelial dysfunction, bubble formation and decompression rate. Rats were subjected to simulated air dives with one of four decompression rates: one slow and three rapid. Bubble formation was detected ultrasonically following decom...