Poems are essential in art and vital organs in literature. Similarly, surgery (and neurosurgery) is also regarded to be an art in medicine. From Hippocrates to nowadays, there is a debate on whether medicine -especially surgery- is a kind of an art or a field of science or a combination of both. This close relation becomes clearer during the practice of surgery, especially in neurosurgery. Here...

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................ 431 I. THE MORAL RIGHTS DEBATE .................................................... 432 A. The Origins of Moral Rights .................................................. 432 B. The Berne Convention ........................................................... 434 C. The Limited Scope of Moral Rights in t...

INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in American men. For patients with adverse pathologic features, postoperative radiotherapy to prostate bed after radical prostatectomy has been shown in randomized studies to improve many important clinical endpoints including overall survival. In this review article, we distinguish adjuvant radiation treatment (ART) f...

The technique of determining a generating function for an unambiguous context-free language is known as the Schützenberger methodology. For regular languages, Elena Barcucci et al. proposed an approach for inverting this methodology based on Soittola’s theorem. This idea allows a combinatorial interpretation (by means of a regular language) of certain positive integer sequences that are defined...

It was never the object of patent laws to grant a monopoly for every trifling device, every shadow of a shade of an idea, which would naturally and spontaneously occur to any skilled mechanic or operator in the ordinary progress of manufactures. Such an indiscriminate creation of exclusive privileges tends rather to obstruct than to stimulate invention. It creates a class of speculative schemer...

There is much debate not only about the morality of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) but also about how they should be classified. Should ART be understood as medical treatment for a disease (infertility) or should they be relegated to boutique medicine where they are seen as elective? How we answer this question affects our thoughts about whether ART should be covered by insurance comp...

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