Stubbins et al provide a concise study on photolability of dissolved black carbon (DBC) in seawater. The discussion paper is timely and the presentation of the study was well conceived; it was very easy to follow this paper and to understand the importance of DBC in global carbon cycling. A major outcome of this paper was the tight coupling between CDOM (the absorptive property of DOM) and DBC....

The present study assessed the reliability and validity of the revised scales of the Developmental Behaviour Checklist (DBC) in a Dutch sample of children with intellectual disability (ID). The psychometric properties of the parent and teacher versions of the DBC were assessed in various subsamples derived from a sample of 1057 Dutch children (age range=6-18 years) with ID or borderline intelle...

(VCO) phase-locked loop (PLL) and ring-VCO PLL topologies with low-phase noise. Differential control loops are used for the PLL locking through a symmetrical transformer-resonator or bilaterally controlled varactor pair. A differential compensation mechanism suppresses out-band spurious tones. The prototypes of the proposed PLL are implemented in a CMOS 65-nm or 45-nm process. The measured resu...

A 24-item short form of the 96-item Developmental Behaviour Checklist was developed to provide a brief measure of Total Behaviour Problem Score for research purposes. The short form Developmental Behaviour Checklist (DBC-P24) was chosen for low bias and high precision from among 100 randomly selected item sets. The DBC-P24 was developed from epidemiological data in the first three waves of the ...

Dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC) is a transplacental carcinogen in mice (15mg/kg; gestation day (GD) 17). To mimic residual exposure throughout pregnancy, dams received four smaller doses of DBC (3.75mg/kg) on GD 5, 9, 13 and 17. This regimen alleviated the previously established carcinogenic responses in the thymus, lung, and liver. However, there was a marked increase in ovarian tumors (females) ...

Self-limiting 46.4-MHz series resonant reference oscillators employing a wine-glass mode disk micromechanical resonator to avoid hard limiting without the need for ALC have achieved measured phase noises of -113 and -134 dBc/Hz at 1kHz and far-fromcarrier offsets, respectively. When divided down to 10MHz frequency for fair comparison with other oscillators, these values correspond to -126 dBc/H...

Disposable bamboo chopsticks (DBCs) are rarely recycled, and there not many options for recycling them. Some treatment processes use high technology complex that convenient production at the local level, resulting in practical difficulties upcycling DBC waste. is lignocellulosic biomass; therefore, has potential to be recycled upcycled. The waste management of wood transforms it into a sustaina...

INTRODUCTION Impact noise is characterized by acoustic energy peaks that last less than a second, at intervals of more than 1s. OBJECTIVE To quantify the levels of impact noise to which police officers are exposed during activities at the shooting range and to evaluate the attenuation of the hearing protector. METHODS Measurements were performed in the shooting range of a military police de...

This document gives a tutorial introduction to the Java Modeling Language (JML), and explains how JML can be used as a powerful design by contract (DBC) tool for Java. JML is a formal behavioral interface specification language for Java that contains the essential notations used in DBC as a subset. The basic concepts of DBC are explained with a particular emphasis on how to use JML notations to...

An intrinsic-tuned, 68 GHz voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) without an extra on-chip accumulation-mode metal oxide semiconductor (MOS)-varactor is demonstrated in a standard, 0.13 m CMOS technology. This VCO exhibits phase noises of 98.4 dBc/Hz and 115.2 dBc/Hz at 1 and 10 MHz offset, respectively, along with a tuning range of 4.5% even under a small power consumption of 4.32 mW. Besides, th...