Abstract Background Sterols are structural and functional components of eukaryotic cell membranes. Plants produce a complex mixture sterols, among which β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, cholesterol in some Solanaceae, the most abundant species. Many reports have shown that stigmasterol to β-sitosterol ratio changes during plant development response stresses, suggesting it may play role ...

Uncertainty about the future rises in recessions. But is uncertainty a source of business cycles or an endogenous response to them, and does type matter? We propose novel SVAR identification strategy address these questions via inequality constraints on structural shocks. find that sharply higher macroeconomic recessions often output shocks, while financial markets likely fluctuations. (JEL D81...

Gonadal development in fish is a dominant physiological process that alters growth and fat metabolism, thereby affecting fillet quality. Sterile, triploid (3 N) female rainbow trout are generated by pressure-induced shock of zygotes (3NP), crossing diploid (2 N; fertile) tetraploid (4 male to produce offspring 100% the time (3NC; sterile). We have shown intercross-triploids (3NC) faster rates t...

Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli OhrR belongs to a major family of multiple-cysteine-containing bacterial organic hydroperoxide sensors and transcription repressors. Site-directed mutagenesis and subsequent in vivo functional analyses revealed that changing any cysteine residue to serine did not alter the ability of OhrR to bind to the P1 ohrR-ohr promoter but drastically affected the organi...

This article introduces the symposium on model uncertainty and robustness. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. JEL classification: D81; D91

Definitions of sequential equilibrium and perfect equilibrium are given in games of imperfect recall. Subtleties regarding the definition are discussed. JEL Classification numbers: C70, D81.