Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a genotoxic carcinogen and a neurotoxicant. The neurotoxicity of BaP is proposed to arise from either genotoxicity leading to neuronal cell death, or perturbed expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits. To explore these hypotheses, we profiled hippocampal gene expression of adult male Muta(™) Mouse administered 0, 1, 35, or 70 mg BaP/kg bw per day by o...

to produce embryonic callus in four grapevine cultivars i.e. yaghouti, bidane sefid, shahroodi and flame seedless, ovary explants were collected at flower developmental stages iii and v and cultured in ms medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-d and bap. for differentiation of somatic embryos, ms medium was supplemented with various concentrations of iaa and bap. results showed ...

to produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryos, tendril explants were collected and cultured in ms medium supplemented with various concentrations of hormones. after one month most of explants produced callus. the highest percent of embryogenic callus obtained in ms medium supplemented with 4.5 µm bap and 1µm 2,4-d. production of somatic embryos was depended on genotype and medium. yaghouti ...

different explants of crocus sativus l. such as corm, style, ovary, petal, anther and leaf were cultured on ls and ms media supplemented with naa and bap or 2,4-d plus bap at different combinations. shoot and corm induction occurred in addition to the formation of other organs. efficient plantlet regeneration with strong roots occurred at 1 mg 1-i of both naa and bap. an increase in 2,4-d level...

The establishment of cell suspension culture from the callus of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) breeding lines and plant regeneration from suspension-derived callus are described in this study. Using different concentrations and combinations of BAP and 2,4-D, the growth patterns of cell suspension cultures were examined during a range of culture periods (0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 days). In all...

The cellular mechanisms that mediate spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) are largely unknown. We studied in vitro in CA1 pyramidal neurons the contribution of AMPA and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) components of Schaffer collateral (SC) excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs; EPSP(AMPA) and EPSP(NMDA)) and of the back-propagating action potential (BAP) to the long-term potentiation (LTP) ...

Abstract: Cacari is a fruit tree that native to the Amazon region of Brazil. The considered have highest vitamin C content any edible (13.757 mg 100 g-1 dry weight). objective this study was evaluate effects 2,4-D and 6-BAP alone or in combination on vitro callus induction pro-embryogenic mass formation cacari stem segments different culture media as precursor for micropropagation. experiment c...