BACKGROUND Microbioreactors have emerged as novel tools for early bioprocess development. Mixing lies at the heart of bioreactor operation (at all scales). The successful implementation of micro-stirring methods is thus central to the further advancement of microbioreactor technology. The aim of this study was to develop a micro-stirring method that aids robust microbioreactor operation and fac...

In this contribution we report the results obtained using a newly developed self-consistent fully 3D Particle-In-Cell code for modelling of plasma-solid interaction. The model presented here involves a hollow cylindrical chamber opened to the plasma, with an external magnetic field limiting access of charged particles to the cylindrical wall. This model layout might provide more insight into pr...

Two types of compact microwave plasma ion sources (MWPIS) for focused ion beam (FIB) have been developed. Cavity resonator type plasma ion source is subjected to make resonant electric field in order to ignite plasma efficiently. The optimum length of resonator and antenna, and position of quartz and antenna have been designed by both simple calculation and computer simulation. The other source...

The percentage depth dose in the build-up region and the surface dose for the 6-MV photon beam from a Varian Clinac 23EX medical linear accelerator was investigated for square field sizes of 5 × 5, 10 × 10, 15 × 15 and 20 × 20 cm(2)using the EGS4nrc Monte Carlo (MC) simulation package. The depth dose was found to change rapidly in the build-up region, and the percentage surface dose increased p...

The performance of a small prototype cylindrical drift chamber (CDC) used in the COMET Phase-I experiment was studied by using an electron beam. constructed with alternating all-stereo wire configuration and operated He-iC$_{4}$H$_{10}$ (90/10) gas mixture without magnetic field. space-time relation, velocity, d$E$/d$x$ resolution, hit efficiency, spatial resolution as function distance from we...

background: the aim of this work was to study the output factors for linac using different ionization chambers and build up caps. materials and methods: output factors were measured for open square fields (3 × 3 cm to 40 × 40 cm) defined by collimator jaws for 6 and 15 mv photon beams from a varian clinac 2100c accelerator were measured. the measurements in air were performed using compact cyli...

Abstract In this paper, a cylindrical trimming method is applied to fit the hemisphere, and total reflectivity on certain boundary analyzed through series of derivations calculations. An equation that used calculate anechoic chamber obtained, obviously, it has no relationship with spherical coordinate radius r can be utilized optimize size. The proposed scheme non-standard proved simplified eff...