Binocular stereopsis is the ability of a visual system, belonging to a live being or a machine, to interpret the different visual information deriving from two eyes/cameras for depth perception. From this perspective, the ground-truth information about three-dimensional visual space, which is hardly available, is an ideal tool both for evaluating human performance and for benchmarking machine v...

PURPOSE To determine the interocular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness difference of normal subjects. METHODS Both eyes of 230 normal adults received peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements using OCT. The effect of ocular cyclotorsion on the RNFL thickness profile was mathematically corrected. The fractional and absolute interocular RNFL thickness differences at 256 points of perip...

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of Botulinum toxin A (BTA) injection into inferior oblique (IO) muscle for management unilateral acute acquired superior palsy (SOP) and evaluate changes in health-related quality life post-injection using Adult Strabismus-20 (AS-20) questionnaire. Methods prospective cohort was performed patients with SOP who received BTA injections. Four un...

Using 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Richdale et al. measured the change in lens and ciliary muscle ring dimensions of the occluded right eyes of 26 emmetropic subjects (30–50 years of age) while their left eyes changed fixation on a Maltese cross placed at different distances to stimulate from 0 to 6 diopters of accommodation. The MRI scans were repeated at least eight times for eac...

PURPOSE To determine the amount of static and dynamic pupil decentrations that occur during laser refractive surgery. SETTING The Center of Visual Science and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA. METHODS The surgeon's accuracy in aligning the pupil center with the laser center axis was measured when engaging the eye-tracker in 17 eyes receiving...

PURPOSE To compare the visual and refractive outcomes after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery for correction of myopia or myopic astigmatism using a six-dimensional Amaris excimer laser. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 47 eyes of 28 patients (age: 19-36 years) with myopia or myopic astigmatism. We used the Custom Ablation Manager protocol and perfor...

Current theories of eye-head gaze shifts deal only with one-dimensional motion, and do not touch on three-dimensional (3-D) issues such as curvature and Donders' laws. I show that recent 3-D data can be explained by a model based on ideas that are well established from one-dimensional studies, with just one new assumption: that the eye is driven toward a 3-D orientation in space that has been c...

PURPOSE To investigate whether lamina cribrosa (LC) defects are associated with optic disc morphology in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes with high myopia. METHODS A total of 129 POAG patients and 55 age-matched control subjects with high myopia were evaluated. Three-dimensional scan images obtained by swept source optical coherence tomography were used to detect LC defects. Radial B-s...

In the context of Hering's equal-innervation law, this paper discusses the problem of how the three-dimensional positions of the two eyes, each expressed by a rotation vector, can be separated into contributions of the version and vergence system. As proposed by Van Rijn and Van den Berg [(1993) Vision Research, 33, 691-708], this can be done by taking the sum and difference of the position rot...