We have previously shown that cycloheximide significantly inhibited apoptosis, and reduced ensuing cerebral infarction in a newborn rat model of cerebral hypoxiaischemia. This study was performed to determine the therapeutic window for cycloheximide therapy. Seven day-old newborn rat pups were subjected to 100 min of 8% oxygen following a unilateral carotid artery ligation, and cycloheximide wa...

The insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of six proteins that modulate the biological activity of IGF-I and IGF-II and determine their bioavailability to tissues. One of the IGFBPs, IGFBP-1, is distinctive in the dynamic response of its levels in human plasma to metabolic changes. Parallel changes occur in IGFBP-1 mRNA and IGFBP-1 transcription in rat liver. Using t...

We examined the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells from the standpoint of ion channels. Cultured vascular endothelial cells from bovine carotid artery were used. Apoptosis was determined by a propidium iodide assay. Treatment of the endothelial cells with TNFalpha and cycloheximide for 6 h induced nuclear fragmentation in a TNFalpha dose-depen...

Regulation of hexose transport was investigated in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) which develop 4- to 8-fold enhanced hexose transport activity during glucose starvation. The presence of cycloheximide in low (0.5 micrograms/ml) concentrations during starvation largely blocked the enhancement of transport activity. Glucose refeeding of CEF in the starvation state led to a decline in transport ...

Sites of cycloheximide action on protein synthesis were examined using a cell-free system prepared from rat liver. I f all amino acids or aminoacyl transfer RNA were present at the start of incubation, the system appeared to incorporate W-leucine mainly by elongation of peptide chains. Under these conditions, high dose levels of cycloheximide were necessary in order to inhibit incorporation ext...

We have examined the effect of diphtheria toxin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A, and cycloheximide on the CV-1 cell cytoskeleton. Within a few hours after producing an inhibition of cellular protein synthesis, all these agents specifically disrupted the organization of the vimentin filament system with no discernable effect on microtubules or microfilaments during the period of observation. ...

Autophagosomes were isolated from perfused livers on Percoll gradients after the administration of cathepsin inhibitors (Kominami e t aZ., 1983). Cycloheximide (1.8 X lo-' M ) or vinblastine ( 1 X M ) were administered either simultaneously or 60 min after the protease inhibitors. ( a ) Acid phosphatase accumulation in autophagosomes (units/g of liver); ( b ) protein accumulation in autophagoso...

It is generally accepted that, after learning, memories stabilize over time and integrate into long-term memory (LTM) through the process of consolidation, which depends on de novo protein synthesis. Besides, studies on several species have shown that reactivation of already stabilized LTM can either make this memory labile and then restabilize it (a process called reconsolidation) or inhibit i...

Since intestinal fluid production in experimental cholera can be limited by cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, the same agent was used to determine whether there are similar mechanisms for fluid production in response to an osmotic gradient. Intestinal fluid production was measured by perfusion of paired rabbit jejunal loops (10 cm) in vivo, in controls, and in animals receiving ...