BACKGROUND Although it has been reported to contain high polyphenols, the pharmacological studies of the calyx of Diospyros kaki Thunb (DKC) have not been elucidated in detail. In this study, we elucidated anti-cancer activity and potential molecular mechanism of DKC against human colorectal cancer cells. METHODS Anti-cell proliferative effect of 70% ethanol extracts from the calyx of Diospyr...

PURPOSE Fenretinide has shown promise in the chemoprevention of breast cancer, a tumor type in which the oncogene cyclin D1 is overexpressed frequently. We aimed at determining the effect of cyclin D1 level on the response to fenretinide treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Stable clones of T47-D cells were created to overexpress cyclin D1 or a mutant of cyclin D1, injected in nude mice for xenogra...

To elucidate carcinogenesis in the endometrium, we investigated cyclin D1 immunoreactivities in 20 normal endometria, 20 endometrial hyperplasias and 141 endometrioid-type endometrial adenocarcinoma. We also evaluated the correlation of cyclin D1 expression with Ki-67, cyclin E, cyclin A, cdk2, p27 and p53, and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. Cyclin D1 expression increased signifi...

D-type cyclins (cyclins D1, D2, and D3) promote G1-S progression and are aberrantly expressed in cancer. We reported previously that all-trans-retinoic acid chemo-prevented carcinogenic transformation of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells through proteasomal degradation of cyclin D1. Retinoic acid is shown here to activate distinct mechanisms to regulate different D-type cyclins in HBE cell...

a driving force in breast cancer and many other types of human tumors. Cyclin D1 overexpression is found in up to 50% of human breast cancers, and the pattern of cyclin D1 overexpression in tissues along the spectrum from normal epithelium to invasive breast cancer suggests its involvement in the earliest stages of mammary carcinogenesis. The importance of cyclin D1 as a driver oncogene is rein...

PURPOSE The effect of cyclin D1 overexpression on breast cancer outcomes and prognosis is controversial, even though amplification of the cyclin D1 gene, CCND1, has been shown to be associated with early relapse and poor prognosis. In this study, we examined the relationship between cyclin D1 overexpression and disease-specific survival (DSS). We also analyzed survival in patients who experienc...

INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Galectin-3 is multifunctional protein, which is involved in regulation of cell growth, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Cyclin D1 together with other cyclin plays an important role in cell cycle control. Cyclin D1 regulates the G1-to-S phase transition. The aim of this study was the eva...

Silymarin from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) plant has been reported to show anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. For anti-cancer activity, silymarin is known to regulate cell cycle progression through cyclin D1 downregulation. However, the mechanism of silymarin-mediated cyclin D1 downregulation still remains unanswered. The current study was performed to...

The cyclin D1 oncogene encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that phosphorylates and inactivates the Rb protein and promotes progression through G(1) to S phase of the cell cycle. Several prostate cancer cell lines and a subset of primary prostate cancer samples have increased cyclin D1 protein expression. However, the relationship between cyclin D1 expression and prostate tumor progre...