the principle of legality is a fundamental principle of criminal law within all statutory legal systems. the principle has been recognized in the iranian legal system which has been influenced by islamic law as well as french law especially since the beginning of the codification era. conversely, in english law which is mainly defined by common law, recently have been taken significant steps to...

abstract the traditional or liberal theory of contract always had encounter serious critics. the authors of this article have criticized this theory- based on new theory of unger (a pioneer in the critical legal studies movement) - and also have analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of that. this theory consists of a principle and a counter principle that include freedom of contract against the...

this article aims to study an important principle in discourse analysis, which belongs to paul grice, the contemporary philosopher. he believes that in addition to giving and taking information during a conversation, people also show their cooperation with each other, and so he suggests the ‘cooperative principle’ which contains some principles of subtext. since the cooperative principle is wit...

“abstraction principle” means separation between two obligations incommercial instruments: underlying obligation and documentary obligationthat created by drawing these documents. the main effect of this principle isthat objections related to first obligation, cannot be claim in second; wherethere is a third party. to obtain a real and comprehensive perspective of thisprinciple in iranian law, ...

this paper deals with the behavior at infinity of solutions to a class of wave equations with nonlinear dampingterms defined in a semi-infinite cylinder. the spatial behavior of solutions is studied and an alternative ofphragmén-lindelöf type theorems is obtained in the results. the main point in the contribution is the use of energy method.

the characteristic of denotation (imāra) is its typical speculative exposition (kāshifiyyat), for which the legislator devises validity in respect to this characteristic. in contrast to it is the practical principle that is not concerned with reality and is used simply for getting rid of confusion in practice. in the meantime, the confirming principle (aṣli muḥriz) is set forth, which both enjo...

asha, meaning order and honesty as apposed to anarchy and hypocrisy is the most significant principle of the anciant persian religion . there are some events and tales they are coloured by the asha principle . the manifestation of asha in such cases is the result of a certain religious experience known as the exegetic experience . the exegetic experience is in fact a religious interpretation an...

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic Ž nancial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices—one each fo...