on " The Prophylaxis and Treatment of Malarial Infection " by Captain Craig of the U. S. Army Medical Department. He strongly deprecates relying solely on one prophylactic measure and insists on the necessity for using, as far as possible, all available means to the end. Regarding the destruction of mosquito breeding grounds he says, " A flight of a mile is frequently observed, and even a two-m...

A review of the literature was carried out to evaluate malaria and its environmental relationships. Research, in 6 parts of Indonesia, addressed the relationship between malaria incidence and physical and socioeconomic environmental factors, using longitudinal and cross-sectional approaches. Physical factors, which are generally important for malaria, included rainfall, mosquito breeding and re...

In Peninsular Malaysia, a large proportion of malaria cases occur in the central mountainous and forested parts of the country. As part of a study to assess remote sensing data as a tool for vector mapping, we conducted entomological surveys to determine the type of mosquitoes, their characteristics and the abundance of habitats of the vector Anopheles maculatus in malaria endemic areas in Pos ...

Despite common use, the efficacy of artificial breeding sites (e.g., nest boxes, bat houses, artificial burrows) as tools for monitoring and managing animals depends on the demography of target populations and availability of natural sites. Yet, the conditions enabling artificial breeding sites to be useful or informative have yet to be articulated. We use a stochastic simulation model to deter...

The quantity of mosquito larval habitat in a specified area was assessed by placing a known number of ovitraps in the same area. The ovitraps competed for oviposition with the unknown quantity of larval habitat, and that quantity was deduced by comparing the number of eggs laid in the ovitraps when the number of ovitraps was changed from one time to another. This method can be used to assess th...

the Port of Bombay then having been found useful was extended and is being continued with very gratifying results in as much as the percentage of breeding found up to 15th April, 1935, amounting to 51 per cent, has steadily diminished to close on 30 per cent after a year's working as can be seen from the following figures of monthly examinations up to the end of February 1936. They also show re...

are fitted overhead in the various departments. The number and size of the sprinkler tanks vary according to the requirements of each mill, hut 011 an average each tank is from 30 feet to 60 feet either way, and carries permanently about 6 feet of water. The water is mostly a clean supply derived from the municipal mains, though an emergency connection with the millpond by means of a pump is al...

BACKGROUND As the population of Africa rapidly urbanizes it may be possible to protect large populations from malaria by controlling aquatic stages of mosquitoes. Here we present a baseline evaluation of the ability of community members to detect mosquito larval habitats with minimal training and supervision in the first weeks of an operational urban malaria control program. METHODS The Urban...

This study investigated the effect of main physicochemical factors in structuring aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages three streams northern Tunisia. Aquatic and water surveys were carried out seasonally 2013, at pristine sites altered located, respectively, upstream downstream parts investigated. Macroinvertebrates sampled using a kick net Surber net, eight measured same time. Both biotic ab...

In the summers of 2001 and 2002, we quantitatively sampled human-biting flies in twelve sites located 1.6 to 63 km from a large copper-nickel smelter at Monchegorsk on the Kola Peninsula, Russia. We collected 429 specimens of three species of Ceratopogonidae, 92 specimens of seven species of Culicidae, 76 specimens of seven species of Tabanidae, and 4,788 specimens of 19 species of Simuliidae. ...