Fluids available for intravenous volume replacement may be either crystalloid or colloid. The fundamental differences between these fluids are their effects on the Starling equation (table 1) which describes fluid flux between the intravascular and interstitial spaces. Starling stated that the rate of fluid movement into or out of a capillary is related to the net hydrostatic pressure minus the...

BACKGROUND Fluid resuscitation is a core stone of hemorrhagic shock therapy, and crystalloid fluids seem to be associated with lower mortality compared to colloids. However, as redistribution starts within minutes, it has been suggested to replace blood loss with a minimum of a three-fold amount of crystalloids. The hypothesis was that in comparison to high volume (HV), a lower crystalloid volu...

FLUIDS ARE A CORE ELEMENT IN the resuscitation of critically ill patients and the relative superiority and safety of different resuscitation solutions has been the focus of considerable debate. Crystalloid solutions are inexpensive and readily available, while colloid solutions may minimize resuscitation volumes, and may sustain intravascular volume for longer durations. Conflicting results fro...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intraoperative fluid therapy on length of hospital stay and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing spine surgery. A total of 1307 patients were analyzed. Sixteen pulmonary complications were observed. Patients with a higher volume of administered crystalloids, colloids, and total intravenous fluids were more likely to have postope...

Fluids available for intravenous volume replacement may be either crystalloid or colloid. The fundamental differences between these fluids are their effects on the Starling equation (table 1) which describes fluid flux between the intravascular and interstitial spaces. Starling stated that the rate of fluid movement into or out of a capillary is related to the net hydrostatic pressure minus the...

Intravenous fluid administration is a medical intervention performed worldwide on a daily basis. Nevertheless, only a few physicians are aware of the characteristics of intravenous fluids and their possible effects on plasma acid-base equilibrium. According to Stewart's theory, pH is independently regulated by three variables: partial pressure of carbon dioxide, strong ion difference (SID), and...

Anaesthesia was induced in 58 women (ASA I or II) undergoing elective gynaecological procedures, using propofol 2.5 mg kg-1 and fentanyl 1.5 micrograms kg-1. Patients were allocated to receive 20 ml kg-1 of crystalloid fluid preload over 20 min or to receive no fluids before induction of anaesthesia. A significant decrease in systolic arterial pressure (< 75% of baseline value) occurred in both...

CONTEXT Measurement of blood haemoglobin concentration by pulse oximetry could be of value in determining when erythrocytes should be transfused during surgery, but the effect of infusion fluids on the results is unclear. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of crystalloid and colloid fluid on the accuracy (bias) and precision of pulse oximetry haemoglobin estimation to indicate the venous haemoglob...