With today's rapidly changing supply chain environment, it is essential to include uncertainty in an explicit manner planning models. Therefore, we propose a stochastic model for tactical of the Crude Oil Supply Chain (COSC) under cost and demand uncertainties. The mathematical considers multi-echelon with multi-products multi-period horizon. It integrates inventory backorder penalties. A Sampl...

My paper is the first to provide long-term evidence on the dynamic effects of supply and demand shocks on mineral commodity prices. I explore a new annual data-set on prices and production of copper, lead, tin, zinc, and crude oil from 1840 to 2010. Long-term price fluctuations are mainly driven by persistent “world output-driven demand shocks” and “other demand shocks”. Historical accounts of ...

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been garnering wide attention over conventional fossil fuel-based due to the serious concerns of environmental pollution and crude oil depletion. In this article, we conducted a systematic literature survey explore battery raw material supply chain, processing, economy behind commodity price appreciation. We present significant areas concern, including resource rese...

With the rapidly increasing global energy needs, offshore oil production has become an attractive source of energy. Supplying offshore oil production installations is a complex logistics problem that hinges on many factors with significant uncertainties. So, it is critical to provide the necessary supplies and services without interruption. In a typical offshore oil production effort, oil compa...

Using a center of gravity model and GIS software, we measured how China’s energy production and consumption centers changed (positions, movements, distances, and rates) from 1997 to 2009, thereby revealing regional differences in the relationship between supply and demand. We found that the centers of gravity for raw coal consumption, crude oil production and consumption, and electricity produc...

Production scheduling defines what products should be produced and what products should be consumed at each point in time over a short period; hence, it defines which run-mode to use and when to perform changeovers to meet the market needs and to satisfy the demand. The study presented in this Article focuses on the scheduling of the loading and unloading of crude oil in intermediate storage ta...

Crude oil plays an important role in providing the energy supply of the world, and pipelines have long been recognized as the safest and most efficient means of transporting oil and its products. However, the transportation process also faces the challenges of asphaltene-paraffin structural interactions, pipeline pressure losses and energy consumption. In order to determine the role of drag-red...

Reasons for Blending Crude Oils at a Refinery Oil refineries, and especially their on-process units that process the primary crude feed stocks, are not uniform in either design or operation. The refinery process units and the combination of units built and in service at a given refinery location are part of a plan to accommodate a certain slate of crudes based on their properties. These decisio...

..................................................................................................................... vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................1 1.1 THESIS FOCUS .....................................................................................................1 1.2 MATHEMATICAL MODELING INTRODUCTION .....