Solid alkaline fuel cell is employed by polymer anion exchange membrane (AEM) that is permeable to hydroxide ion. A number of polymers have been proposed for AEM which include polysulfone (PSF), poly (phenylene oxide) (PPO), and poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK). The purpose of this paper was to conduct a critical review on the development of PEEK polymer as AEM, particu...

One of the most crucial problems in geo-engineering is the instability of unsaturated slopes, causing severe loss of life and property worldwide. In this study, five novel meta-heuristic methods are employed to optimize locating the Critical Failure Surface (CFS) and corresponding Factor of Safety (FOS). A Finite Element Method (FEM) code is incorporated to convert the strong form of the Richar...

In this lecture we analyze Peterson’s well known two-process criticalsection protocol [3] and prove that the mutual exclusion property holds. Our main aim is to explain two approaches by which the correctness of this protocol can be established. The first is the assertional method of proof which is the standard approach to concurrency. This approach uses the notions of global states, steps and ...

Alkaline/surfactant/polymer (ASP) flooding has been extensively applied to enhancing oil recovery. As an oil displacement agent, pe1troleum sulfonate (PS) is widely used in ASP pilot experiments. It is very important to find a petroleum sulfonate with a high interfacial activity and low adsorption loss. Anionic surfactant petroleum sulfonate is synthesized in a single-tube film sulfonation reac...

Let g be an eigenform of weight k+2 on Γ0(p)∩Γ1(N) with p N . If g is non-critical (i.e. of slope less than k + 1), using the methods of [1, 20], one can attach a p-adic L-function to g which is uniquely determined by its interpolation property together with a bound on its growth. However, in the critical slope case, the corresponding growth bound is too large to uniquely determine the p-adic L...