A new model error indicator function based on singular value decomposition (SVD) and QR permutation decomposition techniques is proposed. Since an updating problem including large numbers of updating parameters is usually ill-conditioned, a singular value decomposition technique is first used to determine the meaningful submatrix of the system data matrix. A QR permutation decomposition with co...

In solving the problem of noiseless independent component analysis (ICA) in which sources of superand sub-Gaussian coexist in an unknown manner, one can be lead to a feasible solution using the natural gradient learning algorithm with a kind of switching criterion for the model probability distribution densities to be selected as superor sub-Gaussians appropriately during the iterations. In thi...

given the reduced freshwater supplies across the world, seawater desalination is one of the appropriate methods available for producing freshwater. selecting an optimal location is crucial in the installation of these plants owing to the environmental problems they cause. the present study was conducted to identify optimal locations for installing desalination plants in the coastal areas of sou...

according to the unccd definition, “desertification” is land degradation in arid, semi-aridand dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations andhuman activities. it has been recognized as a major economic, social, and environmentalproblem in many countries of the world. the medalus methodology is a practical approachto assess the present status of desertifica...