Sleep-related (SR) crashes are an endemic problem the world over. However, police officers report difficulties in identifying sleepiness as a crash contributing factor. One approach to improving the sensitivity of SR crash identification is by applying a proxy definition post hoc to crash reports. To identify the prominent characteristics of SR crashes and highlight the influence of proxy defin...

Road traffic accidents and the effects they subsequently incur are increasing dramatically, and estimating the cost of road traffic crashes could be a vital step in improving the recognition of this widespread problem. The main objective of this paper is to estimate the cost of road traffic crashes in Iran using the Human Capital (HC) Method. Results of this study indicate that the cost of road...

While roundabouts are still fairly new in the U.S. and Wisconsin, their safety benefits have been studied with varied results. For this study, researchers analyzed 24 Wisconsin roundabouts that were built in 2007 or before. Three years of before and after crash data were gathered as well as geometric and volume data. An Empirical Bayes (EB) analysis was used to examine the safety benefits for t...

Memory is commonly viewed as an unreliable place to store permanent data because it is perceived to be vulnerable to system crashes.1 Yet despite all the negative implications of memory’s unreliability, no data exists that quantifies how vulnerable memory actually is to system crashes. The goals of this paper are to quantify the vulnerability of memory to operating system crashes and to propose...

A No early warning signals for stochastic transitions driven by large but constant strength of stochasticity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 B No early warning signals for stochastic transitions in agent based models driven by large but constant strength of stochasticity. . . . . . . . . . . . 5 C Sensitivity analysis for early warning signals of crashes in DJI. . . . . . . 6 D...

Ambulance crashes are a significant risk to prehospital care providers, the patients they are carrying, persons in other vehicles, and pedestrians. No uniform national transportation or medical database captures all ambulance crashes in the United States. A website captures many significant ambulance crashes by collecting reports in the popular media (the website is mentioned in the introductio...

vehicle crashes are amongst the major causes of mortality and results in losses of lives and properties. alarge number of the vehicle crashes occur on rural roads. accidents become more noteworthy in two-laneroads due to going and coming traffic. therefore, prediction of crashes and their causes are considerablyimportant to reduce the number and severity of the accidents. the safety index is a ...

Mopeds are not subject to the same laws and jurisdiction as cars or motorcycles, including the requirement of a driver's license. We undertook this study to examine the influence of alcohol (ETOH) on moped crashes. We retrospectively reviewed adult moped injuries compared with motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) and motorcycle crashes (MCCs) from 1995 through 2006. Demographics, severity of injury, mo...