A 63-year-old man presented with headache, hoarseness, and dysphagia. He had a left-sided Horner syndrome and wasting of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. His tongue was deviated to the left on protrusion (figure 1). MRI and CT angiography revealed a distal left internal carotid artery dissection (figure 2). Villaret syndrome is a rare clinical entity comprising IX, X, XI, and XII cranial ne...

Routine cranial ultrasonography, using the anterior fontanelle as acoustic window enables visualization of the supratentorial brain structures in neonates and young infants. The mastoid fontanelle enables a better view of the infratentorial structures, especially cerebellar hemorrhage in preterm infants. Reports on the usefulness and reliability of cranial ultrasonography using the mastoid font...

ABSTRACT
 Intracranial pathologies can affect pituitary hormone levels whether they are primarily related to the gland or not. In deficiencies, size and location of may be normal, as well one more effects observed after hypoplasia, partial empty sella, ectopic neurohypophysis, Rathke's cleft cyst, adenomas other masses surgeries. early puberty, dimensions usually increased, rarely hypoplas...

BACKGROUND Tortuous and dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar arteries can impinge on the brainstem and cranial nerves to cause compression syndromes. Transposition techniques are often required to decompress the brainstem with dolichoectatic pathology. We describe our evolution of an anteromedial transposition technique and its efficacy in decompressing the brainstem and relieving symptoms. OBJECTI...

Recent advances in sonographic technology have made ultrasound an increasingly accurate and adequate means to detect cranial morphology and intracranial pathology in infants. When modern equipment is combined with thorough imaging technique, ultrasound delivers similar results to MRI in terms of sensitivity and ability to direct initial management (Daneman et. al, 2006; Epelman et. al., 2010). ...

The intercondylar fossa (ICF) indices can be used to evaluate fossa geometry, which may in turn affect the function, pathology and intracapsular surgical repair of the cranial cruciate ligament. The measurements of digital images of the distal femur of 44 dogs were used to calculate the fossa width, shape, height and area indices. The mean values of fossa width index were found to be 0.19, 0.28...

Cranial neuropathy is an uncommon manifestation of relapsing polychondritis (RPC). Optic neuropathy is the most common type of cranial nerve involvement in RPC. Until now, trigeminal neuralgia (TN) has been reported with different rheumatic diseases, however, there is no reported case of TN associated with RPC. We here present a case of RPC with TN. A 57 year-old female patient previously diagn...

OBJECTIVE To report an initial experience with a medial transorbital approach to the midline skull base performed via a transconjunctival incision. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed their clinical experience with this approach in the management of benign cranial base pathology. Preoperative imaging, intraoperative records, hospitalization charts, and postoperative records were revi...

Twenty-four patients with myotonic dystrophy underwent computed tomographic examination of the skull and brain. The results were compared with those of 20 normal subjects of similar age and sex distribution. Microcephaly and thickening of the calvarium were frequently observed. Some cases showed basal ganglia calcification. Our findings confirm that cranial hyperostosis and brain pathology is a...

The authors describe a patient with complex cranial neuropathy caused by pathologically proved hypertrophic interstitial neuropathy. Plain and contrast-enhanced MR studies were performed prior to surgical exploration. Surgical complications caused the patient's death and a complete pathology study was done. Though nonspecific, MR proved helpful in determining the extent of disease and areas of ...