In this paper, I suggest a novel, non-epistemic approach towards accommodating the appearance of ‘unsettledness’ or—in some sense—gaps in a bivalent language. While the suggestion is modest, I think it to be quite plausible. My aim is simply to lay out the proposal, as concisely as possible, and briefly consider a few objections. Accordingly, §2 sets out some terminology. (I should warn that §2...

the cracked brazilian disc (cbd) specimen is widely used in order to determine mode-i/ii and mixed-mode fracture toughness of a rock medium. in this study, the stress intensity factor (sif) on the crack-tip in this specimen is calculated for various geometrical crack conditions using the extended-finite element method (x-fem). this method is based upon the finite element method (fem). in this m...

VOL. 6, NO. 2, WINTER 2003/2004 47 Abstract We examined mutual funds that closed to new investors for the period 1995 to 2001. We found that closed funds outperformed their peers before closing and that this superior performance decreased after the fund closed. We also investigated the performance of funds that reopened, a sample never before examined. We found that this group of funds performe...

Describing the moment rotation (M/θ) behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) hinges is essential in predicting the behavior of RC structures under severe loadings, such as under cyclic earthquake motions and blast loading. The behavior of RC hinges is defined by localized slip or partial interaction (PI) behaviors in both the tension and compression region. In the tension region, slip between the ...

in this study it has been tried, to compare results and convergence rate of sensitivity analysis and conjugate gradient algorithms to reduce fuel consumption and increasing engine performance by optimizing the timing of opening and closing valves in xu7/l3 engine. in this study, considering the strength and accuracy of simulation gt-power software in researches on the internal combustion engine...

There has been a large discrepancy between the Dosimetry system 1986 (DS86) and measured data, some of which data in Hiroshima at about 1.5 km ground distance from the hypocenter are about 10 times larger than the calculation. Therefore its causes have long been discussed, since it will change the estimated radiation risks obtained based on the Hiroshima and Nagasaki data. In this study the con...

the prevalent method of irrigation in paddy fields in iran is continuous ponding, which changes to intermittent method at the time of water shortage. soil cracks are the main problem in intermittent irrigation. in this study, effects of adding rice straw on some soil physical characteristics and cracks were studied in paddy soils of the guilan province of iran. the experiment was performed as s...