Standard chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC has reached a therapeutic plateau. More effective strategies must be explored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of metronomic chemotherapy combined with an angiogenesis inhibitor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 114 BALB/c nude mice were inoculated subcutaneously with human NSCLC cells (A549), and when xenograft tumors ...

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a chemotherapeutic agent that is primarily activated in the liver by cytochrome P4502B6 (CYP2B6) and then transported to the tumor via blood flow. To prevent deleterious secondary effects, P450-based gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) consists of expressing CYP2B6 in tumor cells before CPA treatment. Given the relatively low affinity of CYP2B6 for CPA, the ai...

This study presents volumetric shrinkage (water transport) during freezing of human adipose derived adult stem stem cells (huASCs) using a calorimetric technique in the presence and absence of cryoprotective agents (CPAs). By fitting a model of water transport to the experimentally obtained volumetric shrinkage data we determined the membrane permeability parameters (reference membrane permeabi...

background: autophagy as a cellular pathway facilitates several immune responses against infection. it also eliminates invading pathogens through transferring content between the cytosol and the lysosomal vesicles and contributes to the cross-presentation of exogenous antigens to t lymphocytes via mhc class i pathway. autophagy induction is one of the main targets for new drugs and future vacci...

The cubic-plus-association (CPA) model is an equation of state (EoS) that combines the Soave−Redlich−Kwong (SRK) equation with the association term from Wertheim’s theory as used in statistical associating fluid theory (SAFT). In the form used here, the CPA EoS does not include separate terms for the polar and quadrupolar contributions. The capabilities and limitations of the CPA model when it ...

We have developed a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic strategy based on the operational model of agonism to obtain estimates of apparent affinity and efficacy of N-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) analogs for the adenosine A1 receptor-mediated in vivo effect on heart rate in the rat. All analogs investigated produced a significant decrease of the heart rate after intravenous infusion. Individual concen...

H1 receptor histaminergic antagonist, chlorpheniramine (CPA) participates in cognitive performance in various animal models. However, little is known regarding the effects of CPA microinjection into the amygdala on emotional behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether CPA microinjection into the amygdala has the same effect on two models, one anxiety- and the other fear-media...

Successful organ cryopreservation will significantly benefit human health and biomedical research. One of the major challenges to this accomplishment is the need for optimization of cryoprotectant agent (CPA) perfusion procedures that involve highly complicated mass transfer processes in organs. The diffusivity of CPA is of critical importance for designing perfusion procedures to minimize the ...

The purpose of this study was to characterize the concentration-response effects of cyclophosphamide (CPA) with and without dexamethasone (DEX; 10 microM) on the expression of CYP3A4 and CYP2B6 in cultured human hepatocytes at concentrations representative of standard- and high-dose CPA therapy (25 to 750 microM). CPA produced concentration-dependent increases in CYP3A4 and CYP2B6 activity and ...