The existing supply chain for the pharmaceutical industry is obsolete and lacks clear visibility over entire system. Moreover, circulation of counterfeit drugs in market has increased years. According to WHO report, around 10.5% medicinal lower / middle income countries are fake such may pose serious threats public health, sometimes leading death. Keeping these mind, this paper, we propose a bl...

A counterfeit medicine is one which is deliberately and fraudulently mislabeled with respect to identity or source. Counterfeiting apply to both branded and generic product which include products with the wrong ingredients, without active ingredients, with insufficient active ingredients. According to WHO, 25% of medicines consumed in poor countries could be counterfeit or below standard.An est...

In Nigeria, it was reported in 2009 that 84 children were killed as a result of toxic chemicals that were laced with teething medications for babies [1]. In 2012, Angolan custom agents busted counterfeiters importing what turned out to be the largest fake medicine imports in history, when containers shipped from China to Luanda were filled with over 1.4 million packets of fake antimalarial drug...

Counterfeit drugs are inherently dangerous and a growing problem; counterfeiters are becoming increasingly sophisticated. Growth of the counterfeit medication market is attributable in part to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) medications for erectile dysfunction (ED). Millions of counterfeit PDE5is are seized yearly and account for the bulk of all counterfeit pharmaceutical product se...

Over the past five years, there have been over 140 reported incidents of counterfeit and mislabeled drugs being sold by legitimate pharmacies in the United States. Thousands of patients have consumed these medications, sometimes with dire consequences. The extent of counterfeits in the legitimate market, however, is unknown. It is certain that the detected incidents of fakes are a fraction of t...