Some antibiotics have been shown to modify the host immune response. Infection with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, is often difficult to treat due to multiresistance to antibiotics. The authors examined the effect of four commonly used antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole and piperacillin-tazobactam) on tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) production by human perip...

To evaluate cotrimoxazole in the treatment of bacterial meningitis, we compared its action with that of ampicillin and chloramphenicol in experimental Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis. Both trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole penetrated well into the cerebrospinal fluid of infected rabbits, reaching 40 and 26%, respectively, of their simultaneous serum levels. Levels measured 30 and 60 mi...

PURPOSE Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) is a feasible, inexpensive, and well-tolerated way of using cotrimoxazole intervention for patients living with HIV/AIDS to reduce HIV/AIDS-related morbidities and mortalities caused by various bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of cotrimoxazole as a prophylaxis therapy among patients living with HIV/AIDS a...

BACKGROUND The treatment of human brucellosis is controversial. The purpose of this study was to search published clinical trial papers to provide a simple and effective treatment in brucellosis. METHODS Many studies on brucellosis treatment in a twenty- year span from 1993 to 2012 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, Iranmedex and SID. The studies t...

BACKGROUND A high complication rate of Q fever in pregnancy is described on the basis of a limited number of cases. All pregnant women with proven Q fever regardless of clinical symptoms should therefore receive long-term cotrimoxazole therapy. But cotrimoxazole as a folic acid antagonist may cause harm to the fetus. We therefore investigated the Q fever outbreaks, Soest in 2003 and Jena in 200...

Many chemo prophylactic approaches to manage or prevent opportunistic infections using many drugs have been reported. Based on the reported cases of chemo prophylactic approaches to manage opportunistic infections, the effect of Cotrimoxazole on HIV patients was studied. Seventy two patients with CD4+ cell counts ≤ 350cells/μl were recruited for the study. Each patient received cotrimoxazole tw...

Introduction. Costing evidence is essential for policy makers for priority setting and resource allocation. It is in this context that the clinical trials of ARVs and cotrimoxazole provided a costing component to provide evidence for budgeting and resource needs alongside the clinical efficacy studies. Methods. A micro based costing approach was adopted, using case record forms for maintaining ...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate resistance rates in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) against clindamycin, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, fusidic acid, rifampicin and chloramphenicol isolated from skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI). METHODS Descriptive analysis of SSTI samples yielding MRSA in clinical laboratory of a tertiary care center; receiving specimens across Pakistan from Ja...

Figure 1. Population structure of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) among African children as a function of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis. The total number of children is represented as A + B; the total number of children with PCP is represented as a + b. The ideal measure of risk, by cotrimoxazole use, of developing PCP is represented as (a/A)/(b/B). The actual measure of risk of developing PCP...

SYNOPSIS The incidence of trimethoprim resistance in coliforms and multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated in Bristol from 1970 to 1972 is low-2-3 and 1 0% respectively. The resistance is probably intrinsic; there is no evidence that it is R-factor or plasmid mediated. A single mechanism that confers resistance to both trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole has not been detected. N...