We present a determination of the Hubble constant from measurements of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect (SZE) in an orientation-unbiased sample of 7 z < 0.1 galaxy clusters. With improved X-ray models and a more accurate 32-GHz calibration, we obtain H0 = 64 +14 −11 ± 14syskmsec Mpc for a standard CDM cosmology, or H0 = 66 +14 −11 ± 15syskm sec Mpc for a flat ΛCDM cosmology. The random uncertainty ...

String gas cosmology is a string theory-based approach to early universe cosmology which is based on making use of robust features of string theory such as the existence of new states and new symmetries. A first goal of string gas cosmology is to understand how string theory can effect the earliest moments of cosmology before the effective field theory approach which underlies standard and infl...

We further clarify how scalar metric perturbations are ampliied in an innationary cosmology. We rst construct a simple, analytic model of an in-ationary cosmology in which the expansion scale factor evolves continuously from an innationary era to a radiation-dominated era. From this model, it is clear to see how scalar perturbations are ampliied. Second, we examine the recent claims of Grishchu...

Combining conservation of energy throughout nearly-spherical collapse of galaxy clusters with the virial theorem, we derive the mass-temperature relation for X-ray clusters of galaxies T = CM. The normalization factor C and the scatter of the relation are determined from first principles with the additional assumption of initial Gaussian random field. We are also able to reproduce the recently ...

It is by now well known that various condensed matter systems may be used to mimic many of the kinematic aspects of general relativity, and in particular of curved-spacetime quantum field theory. In this essay we will take a look at what would be needed to mimic a cosmological spacetime — to be precise a spatially flat FRW cosmology — in one of these analogue models. In order to do this one nee...

We reanalyze cosmology of a non-minimally coupled massive scalar field which was originally discussed by Futamase and Maeda in the context of chaotic inflation scenario. We find a new type of inflationary solution where inflation occurs inside a domain wall. This new solution relaxes constraints on the coupling constant for successful inflation.

Four classes of exact solutions of Einstein-Cartan dilatonic inflationary de Sitter cosmology are given.The first is obtained from the equation of state of massless dilaton instead of an unpolarized fermion fluid used previously by Gasperini.Repulsive gravity is found in the case where dilatons are constraint by the presence of spin-torsion effects.The second and third solutions represent respe...

The fractal structure with a power index of 2 is considered within the framework of the universe with the linear law of evolution. The fractal structure arises due to the linear evolution of the scale of mass. Potential fluctuations connect two scales and thus define the preferred scales. The hierarchy of the preferred scales is developed which includes universe, superclusters, clusters of gala...