In this paper, we consider the coordination issue on a supply chain when the firm on this chain tries to produce new products. By considering the risk of new products, three contracts, constant wholesale price contract, revenue sharing contract and linear quantity discount policy, are investigated.

Several proposals for component-based development methods have started to appear. However, the emphasis is still very much on the development of components as opposed to the development with components. The main focus is on how to generate ideal reusable components not on how to plug existing components and specify their interactions and connections. The concept of a coordination contract (Andr...

We consider a newsvendor problem in a supply chain that consists of a manufacturer and a retailer. The manufacturer is the Stackelberg leader and the retailer is the follower.We examine how themanufacturer can contract awholesale-price-only agreementwith its retailer thatmaximizes its profit.We also propose a returns policy with a wholesale-price-discount scheme (returns-discount contract) that...

Throughout modern business history, contract has been used as an organizational technology that holds counterparties in formal or legally binding agreements. The proliferation of contract prompted the emergence of professional contract managers who played an important but relatively peripheral role applying situational awareness to the practice of compliance and business relationship management...

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>In this article, a three-echelon closed-loop supply chain is considered under sustainability consideration through remanufacturing of waste materials. Depending upon quality, the collector collects used products and forwards to manufacturer for remanufacturing. The offers reward or incentive consumers influence them return items. shortfall amount collected ite...

Under the e-commerce environment, network direct selling mode is developing rapidly, which an important way for enterprises to reduce logistics costs and storage risks win survival development. In this paper, order dual reserve decision model constructed based on option contract under mode. losses caused by uncertain demand, we investigate manufacturer’s optimal purchase decisions of spot optio...

In this paper, we study return policy and supply chain coordination in a channel of one supplier and one retailer. The paper assumes that unsold merchandise should been refunded to the supplier by the retailer. The retailer knows the cost of reverse logistics operations but the supplier has to estimate it. The contract menu under asymmetric reverse logistics cost information between supply chai...