abstract   iran has many historic cities and villages with economic, historic and cultural values facing with many seismic faults. there have been no comprehensive studies about reducing the vulnerability of the historic villages, and the available documents describe the retrofitting experiments only about the single buildings.  lack of a comprehensive look at the subject leads to the loss of t...

This research based article discusses on issues and practices of classroom management from the local perspectives. It is context public school Nepal. The participant an EFL teacher in Kathmandu, teaching middle secondary level there. teacher’s classes are seen using observation tool, her both levels for a week qualitative framework. findings show traditional practice still dominating activities...