Islamic economists preoccupation with the deductive approach needs being moderated by a greater recourse to induction, especially in discussing the role of values in the economic system. Values have played an important role in the Christian West in the past, not withstanding the current advocacy of moral relativism. Every social decision implies a value judgment. Values permeate the contemporar...

recent increased islamic awakening in many muslim societies, have given a momentum to rise of contextual necessity for islamic culture. as religion and way of life, islam framed in city. city morphology according to islamic ideology has brought interest to the discussion among the specialists and professionals involved in muslim world for many decades, particularly in iran. this goal can be ach...

recent increased islamic awakening in many muslim societies, have given a momentum to rise of contextual necessity for islamic culture. as religion and way of life, islam framed in city. city morphology according to islamic ideology has brought interest to the discussion among the specialists and professionals involved in muslim world for many decades, particularly in iran. this goal can be ach...

Within traditional Islamic geometric design, there is a small but distinct subset of patterns which incorporate notions of self-similarity. Such patterns typically use exactly two overlapping levels of self-similarity, with each level comprising similar motifs at two different, related scales. Recently I have constructed a large number of fractal Islamic patterns that pursue a different notion ...

There is a great need throughout the Middle East and North Africa for contemporary urban research that goes beyond classical analysis of the traditional Arab City. Important topics include urban transformation, the flow of global capital and its affect on urban realities, urban structures and polity, changes in social life and lines of inclusion and exclusion , and such " metropolitization " fo...