Two phoneme monitoring experiments examined the influence of Transitional Probability (TP) on phoneme recognition. Target phonemes appeared at the end of Consonant-Vowel-Consonant (CVC) syllables, or as the first element of coda clusters in CVCC syllables. Reliable TP effects were found only for targets in CVCC syllables. The TPs both into and out of the targets influenced listeners' ability to...

This paper discusses issues including tongue position, tongue movement space, constraint etc. of Mongolian word-initial consonants. The experimental result shows that word-initial consonant tongue horizontal movement space is constrained by constriction position and is in conformity with the rule that front consonant leads to smaller tongue movement space; higher consonant leads to smaller tong...

In this paper we solve the problem of approximating a belief measure with a necessity measure or “consonant belief function” by minimizing appropriate distances from the consonant complex in the space of all belief functions. Partial approximations are first sought in each simplicial component of the consonant complex, while global solutions are obtained from the set of partial ones. The L1, L2...

This paper presents a Khmer typesetting system, based on TEX, METAFONT, and an ANSI-C filter. A 128-character of the -/-bit ASCII table for the Khmer script is proposed. Input of text is done phonically (using the spoken order consonantsubscript consonant-second subscript consonant-vowel-diacritic). The filter converts phonic description of consonantal clusters into a graphc T~Xnical descriptio...

Pronunciation plays a significant role in English teaching and learning around the world this particular field has received much attention from several scholars. The study was conducted to investigate common mistakes made by Vietnamese university learners while pronouncing consonant clusters. This is quantitative with participation of 39 as Foreign Language (EFL) learners. To collect data for s...

The vowel space reflects the right-angled shape of the vocal tract, and many consonants exploit the palatal wall. These two facts suggest the importance of the geometry of peripheral structure in speech production. In this study, the relationship between geometry and articulatory variation was examined using a database of English and Japanese speakers. The geometry of each speaker's vocal tract...

The classification of unvoiced stops in consonant–vowel (CV) syllables, segmented from continuous speech, is investigated by features related to speech production. As burst and vocalic transitions contribute to identification of stops in the CV context, features are computed from both regions. Although formants are the truly discriminating articulatory features, their estimation from the speech...

In Japanese, there is frequent alternation between CV morae and moraic geminate consonants. In this study, we analyzed the phonemic environments of consonant gemination (CG) using the “Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese (CSJ).” The results revealed that the environment in which gemination occurs is, to some extent, parallel to that of vowel devoicing. However, there are two crucial differences. One...

Accurate estimation of segmental durations is crucial for naturalsounding text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis. This paper presents a model of vowel duration used in the Bell Labs Japanese TTS system. We describe the constraints on vowel devoicing, and effects of factors such as phone identity, surrounding phone identities, accentuation, syllabic structure, and phrasal position on the duration of bot...