BACKGROUND Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is frequently co-occurring with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. Because ODD is a precursor of later conduct disorder (CD) and affective disorders, early diagnostic identification is warranted. Furthermore, the predictability of three recently confirmed ODD dimensions (ODD-irritable, ODD-headstrong and OD...

BACKGROUND The most commonly used medications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the psychostimulants. There is, however, considerable awareness in alternative, nonstimulant therapies, because some patients respond poorly to stimulants or are unable to tolerate them. Some studies suggest that deficiency of zinc play a substantial role in the aetiopathogenesis of ADHD. There...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate a 3-week, randomized, double-blind, methylphenidate placebo-controlled trial (MPT) in routine practice for children with attention-deficit disorder. PATIENTS AND METHODS School-aged children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria) who enrolled an "N of 1" trial at a pediatric tertiary ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychometric performance of the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD 818 parents of children with CP, aged 8-12 from nine regions of Europe completed the CHQ (parent form 50 items). Functional abilities were classified using the five-level Gross Motor Function Classification Scheme (Levels I-III as ambulant; Level IV-V as nona...

OBJECTIVE Longitudinally examine attention performance in childhood cancer survivors prescribed methylphenidate (MPH) to ameliorate cognitive late effects, comparing measures for inter-rater and inter-method discrepancies. METHODS Survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 33) or brain tumor (n = 35), mean age 11.11 ± 0.37 years, completed a 12-month, open-label trial of MPH. Conners' Par...

OBJECTIVE (a) To determine the prevalence of comorbid anxiety disorder in ADHD, defined by diagnostic criteria and (b) to compare anxiety as reported by parents and participants with clinician assessment. METHOD Children with ADHD were assessed for comorbid anxiety disorder using the Anxiety Disorder Interview Schedule for Children. Parent report (Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised: Long ve...

OBJECTIVE In this open trial, Panax ginseng, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, actually used as an antidepressant, has been investigated for its efficacy in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients. METHOD Three 14-17-year-old male psychiatric outpatients, diagnosed with ADHD disattention type have been rated at baseline and while taking Panax...

OBJECTIVE Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) is among the valid questionnaires for evaluating Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in adults. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the validity of the estimation of missed answers in scoring the screening version of the Conners questionnaire, and to extract its principal components. METHOD This study was performed on 400 participants. A...