introduction: toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection cause by toxoplasma gondii. this parasite is associated with congenital infection and can cause abortion, encephalitis or systemic infection in immune- compromised patients. case presentation in this study, two cases of central nervous system toxoplasmosis in leukemia patients are reported. the first case was a 15-year-old girl with acute lym...

Down syndrome is the most common autosomal chromosomal disorder with incidence ranging from 1 in 700 to 1:1,000 live births [1]. The protean manifestation are mental retardation, congenital heart disease, and risk for early death. The predominant cause of death is related to the congenital heart defects followed by hypothyroidism, respiratory infections, and malignancy (particularly, leukemia) ...

Nephromegaly in infancy may be due to several causes, being the most relevant: renal polycystic autosomic recessive disease, venous renal thrombosis, deposit diseases, kidney tumors, nephrotic congenital syndrome and neoplastic infiltration. Although renal infiltration is relatively frequent in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, nephromegaly is an unusual form of presentation in this pathology. The ...

In our 1971 publication of the " Epidemiologic Study of Leukemia in Twins ", several significant trends which may have affected the occurrence of this disease were brought to light. The perinatal-congenital period was the time during which concordance was notably highest. Concordance was observed to diminish in later life. Prior to July 1971, 71 cases of leukemia in twins were reported in the l...

Extrinsic compression of the pulmonary arteries by mediastinal masses, while rare, is the most common cause of non-congenital peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis. Granulocytic myeloid sarcomas are an extramedullary manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia, with a wide variability in their presentation. They can present either de novo as soft tissue masses or in conjunction with acute myeloid le...

A 31-yr-old female with congenital hypoplastic anemia (Diamond-Blackfan syndrome) whose long course terminated in acute myelogenous leukemia is described. In contrast to Fanconi anemia, malignant transformation rarely occurs in congenital hypoplastic anemia. This patient's diagnosis of congenital hypoplastic anemia is supported by her clinical course, absence of renal abnormalities, a negative ...

This study investigated mortality and causes of death between 1988 and 1999 in 14781 persons (6702 female) with Down syndrome in California, comparing age, sex, ethnicity, and other factors. Mean age at the start of follow-up was 14 years 8 months (SD 14y 10mo). During the study period 600 persons died. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for the population was 5.5. Blacks were at greater ri...

Idiopathic erythrocytosis (IE) is characterized by an increase of red blood cell mass without an identified cause. Its diagnosis is based on the exclusion of polycythemia vera (PV), secondary acquired polycythemias and various congenital primary and secondary polycythemias. The frequency of IE has been estimated to be 1.1 per 1000 subjects, which is higher than that observed in PV. Heterogeneou...