Mutations in the dual oxidase 2 gene (DUOX2) impair hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and cause dyshormonogenesis. In addition, these mutations have been implicated in autosomal recessive congenital hypothyroidism (CH) with goiter. In this study, we identified DUOX2 mutations that were causative for CH and explored the effects of these mutations on DUOX2 function. Blood samples were collected...

Iodine deficiency is well known as a cause of several disorders such as endemic goiter and cretinism, along with a wide spectrum of psychoneurologic development disorders including endemic mental deficiency, which are generally correlated with damage to the fetus. Since as much as 40% of the Tanzanian population is at risk for iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) because they live in iodine-defici...

Endemic goiter is a health problem in many areas of the world; in some areas the disease is so severe that cretinism and other defects are found. In many areas geographic, economic, and other factors prevent the use of iodized salt as a preventive measure. Field studies were begun in 1966 to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of parenteral administration of iodized oil in goiter prev...

Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare congenital abnormality in which one thyroid lobe fails to develop. It is frequently diagnosed at the time of assessment for another condition or during evaluation of other thyroid diagnoses. Similar disorders seen with normal thyroid development may present within a hemithyroid remnant. We present a case of an asymptomatic thyroid hemiagenesis and review recommend...

OBJECTIVES To assess the incidence of hypothyroidism after hemithyroidectomy and to identify risk factors for the development of hypothyroidism. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. SETTING A tertiary care academic medical center. PATIENTS The study included 90 patients who underwent a hemithyroidectomy from 1999 to 2004. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hypothyroidism was defined as a serum thyrotropin...

The history of endemic goiter can be traced back to several centuries before Christ, when Chinese, Hindu, and Egyptian medical literature made occasional reference to the disease. Later, in the first centuries of the Christian era, during the Middle Ages, and during the Renaissance, a number of writers and scientists displayed interest in the problem (I). Its occurrence was generally attributed...

Since the general use of iodine prophylactically in endemic goitre areas gross enlargement of the thyroid gland at birth has become relatively uncommon. Wegelin's (1926) series in the preiodine period of 223 consecutive necropsies on newborn infants in a goitre area between 1911 and 1921 showed that 340% had thyroid glands weighing over 6 g. The normal weight of the gland at birth in a healthy ...

In this article, we report a very rare case of left thyroid lobe with agenesis, adenomatous hyperplasia and coexisting papillary carcinoma of the right lobe. A 59-year-old asymptomatic woman with no previous thyroid surgery was evaluated sonographically. Ultrasonography and scintigraphy revealed an agenesis in the left lobe and multiple right lobe nodules with one of them diagnosed with papilla...