background: glucantime ® is the first- line drug for the treatment of all forms of leishmaniasis. unfortunately, the prevalence of parasites becoming resistant to glucantime ® is increasing in several parts of the world including iran. as protein is the most important target for drugs in response to a variety of signals including drugs so, it seems expression protein patterns in sensitive and r...

Hailey±Hailey disease (HHD) is an autosomal dominant chronic blistering disease, which is histologically characterized by keratinocyte acantholysis and epidermal cleft formation (Burge, 1992). The disease typically presents in middle age as crusted erosions or circinate plaques in sites exposed to friction such as the neck, axillae, groin, and perineum. Recently, the gene ATP2C1 has been identi...

background: detecting bence-jones protein in urine is essential for determining plasma cell dyscrasia and multiple myeloma. conventionally, acid-heat precipitation assay is used for detecting bence-jones protein in most medical laboratories; however, because of the low accuracy of this test, other more sensitive tests like urine electrophoresis are recommended.  materials and methods: in this s...

BACKGROUND Autosomal forms of Alport syndrome represent 20% of all patients (15% recessive and 5% dominant). They are caused by mutations in the COL4A3 and COL4A4 genes, which encode a-3 and a-4 collagen IV chains of the glomerular basement membrane, cochlea and eye. Thin basement membrane nephropathy may affect up to 1% of the population. The pattern of inheritance in the 40% of cases is the s...

BACKGROUND Scanning for mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 in a large number of samples is hampered by the large sizes of these genes and the scattering of mutations throughout their coding sequences. Automated capillary electrophoresis has been shown to be a powerful system to detect mutations by either single-strand conformation polymorphism or heteroduplex analysis (HA). METHODS We investigated ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the study, funded by the Italian Ministry of Health, was to identify the causative mutation in all known patients with hemophilia B in Italy. DESIGN AND METHODS Overall, 269 patients followed by 25 regional centers were considered in the study; after exclusion of the related individuals, 238 unrelated patients were analyzed (153 with severe, 59 with modera...

background and objectives: pcr is a sensitive assay and could be used as an accurate diagnostic method for detecting various types of microorganisms' genome in low concentration in biological specimens. the demand for sensitive, rapid, safe and easy detection of pcr products has led researchers to a combination of this method with elisa. materials and methods: conserved sequences were selected ...

We compare and discuss three electrophoretic methods for identifying hemoglobins S, A, C, F, and D or G. Electrophoresis on citrate agar gel was more sensitive than electrophoresis on cellulose acetate for detecting hemoglobins S and F, a fundamental consideration in designing cord-blood screening programs for detecting hemoglobin S carriers. Electrophoresis on starch gel is evidently an accept...

conclusions our successful extraction of purified lps from e. coli isolates of uti patients’ urine samples can be an important step to understand the uti disease conditions. results the silver-stained gel demonstrated both smooth and rough type lps by showing trail-like band patterns with the presence and lacking o-antigen region, respectively. coomassie blue staining showed no band assuring th...