BACKGROUND In the early stages of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, border control measures were taken by quarantine stations to block the entry of infected individuals into Japan and community containment measures were implemented to prevent the spreading. The objectives of this study were to describe these measures and the characteristics of infected individuals, and to assess the measures' effectiveness...

Iran’s environmental condition is critical, since it is experiencing desertification, unsustainable development and overpopulation. The objective of this study is power source replacement in natural gas stations that operate with natural gas compressors, through using electrical motors, which can be fed by a 160 MW geothermal power plant, as an alternative to gas turbines. Application of such a...

In the paper the problem of how to efficiently operate a natural gas transmission network under steady-state asumptions is considered. The problem is modeled as a nonlinear network optimization problem where the decision variables are mass flow rate in each arc and gas pressure in each node. The objective function to be minimized is the total amount of fuel consumed in the system by the compres...

The recent growth in production and utilization of natural gas offers potential climate benefits, but those benefits depend on lifecycle emissions of methane, the primary component of natural gas and a potent greenhouse gas. This study estimates methane emissions from the transmission and storage (T&S) sector of the United States natural gas industry using new data collected during 2012, includ...

The intensive development of gas transport and compressor manufacturing aimed at increasing the unit capacities pumping units, creating high-flow centrifugal compressors, productivity shops has led to appearance fundamentally new problems in diagnosis industrial pipelines. reasons for premature failure piping manifold stations can be associated with both high static voltage pipelines a level vi...

Generation of coherent short-wavelength radiation across a plasma column is dramatically improved under traveling-wave excitation (TWE). The latter is optimized when its propagation is close to the speed of light, which implies small-angle target-irradiation. Yet, short-wavelength lasing needs large irradiation angles in order to increase the optical penetration of the pump into the plasma core...