Methods: We conducted a multicenter, blinded randomized trial of 1319 adults in whom a tibial shaft fracture was treated with either reamed or unreamed intramedullary nailing. Perioperative care was standardized, and reoperations for nonunion before six months were disallowed. The primary composite outcome measured at twelve months postoperatively included bone-grafting, implant exchange, and d...

The bacterial flagellum is a motile organelle driven by a rotary motor, and its axial portions function as a drive shaft (rod), a universal joint (hook) and a helical propeller (filament). The rod and hook are directly connected to each other, with their subunit proteins FlgG and FlgE having 39% sequence identity, but show distinct mechanical properties; the rod is straight and rigid as a drive...

The degree of precision for positioning of adjustable rollers during pre-registering stage has direct influences on register precision of the entire printing. The paper puts forward control strategy of sliding mode variable structure-based electronic virtual line shafting based on the influences of low-speed preregister process of shaft-less drive printing press on register precision and the in...

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) variable-speed drive is widely used in the industry because of its particularly high mechanical power density, simplicity and cost effectiveness. Eliminating the mechanical sensor mounted on the shaft of the motors gives further improvement. These drives are referred to as “sensorless” electrical drives. In this paper a novel sensorless algorithm is pro...

Detection of early-stage misalignment the ball screw in feed drive systems is topic addressed this study. The triaxial vibration amplitudes and phases a rotating at nut were extracted using Vold–Kalman filtering order tracking (VKFOT). locus rotation speed its multiplier time domain then constructed to obtain corresponding holospectra. By self-organizing map, features various holospectra quanti...

A description is given of a multi-body dynamics rig for testing a novel rotor fluid film bearing system. The design included a composite rotor supported on a stationary central shaft, with loading applied by non-contacting electromagnets. The shaft included hydrostatic bearing pockets and continuously adjustable hydrodynamic bearing segments. A technique is described for deriving displacement c...

This paper describes a simple approach for integrating all the time synchronous average (TSA) signals from multiple shafts of a gearbox to generate a composite time synchronous average which can be subtracted from the original signal to generate a second-order cyclostationary residual. This approach is compared with other techniques including an all-shaft TSA over the least common multiple of s...

Process cooling below ambient temperature is an energy demanding part of many chemical production processes. Compression refrigeration systems operating at very low temperatures consume a lot of high quality utility such as electricity or high pressure steam to drive the compressor units. In industrial process clusters with several processes operating at low temperatures, it is important to inv...