A new box model for glacial-interglacial changes in atmospheric CO2 produces lower levels of atmospheric CO 2 without changes in biological production or nutrient chemistry. The model treats the boundary between middepth water and deep water as a chemical divide that separates low-CO 2 water above from high-CO 2 water below. Atmospheric CO 2 is reduced 21 ppm by reduced ventilation of the deep ...

The predicted incidence of liveborn monozygotic trisomy 18 twins is one per million births. The first case of liveborn monozygotic trisomy 18 twins was reported in 1989 and we report a second case in which striking phenotypic discordance existed. The probability of monozygotic trisomy 18 twinning and the mechanisms for phenotypic discordance in trisomic twins is discussed.

Dielectric elastomers are a class of solid polymeric materials that sufficiently soft to deform under the application an electric field due interaction quasi-static charges. Their potential undergo large deformations renders them promising candidates for design energy harvesters, sensors and actuators. For their however, influence additional thermal effects should be taken into account as base ...