Organs are made up of cells from separate origins, whose development and differentiation must be integrated to produce a physiologically coherent structure. For example, during the development of the kidney, a series of interactions between the epithelial mesonephric duct and the surrounding metanephric mesenchyme leads to the formation of renal tubules. Cells of the metanephric mesenchyme firs...

We evaluated 123 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples, including neuroendocrine tumors, adult brain, mesonephric tissues, and from various other sites. A pre-B lymphoma cell line, Daudi, and a small cell carcinoma cell line, NCL-H128, were evaluated by Western blot. All tissues were immunostained by mouse monoclonal anti-Pax-5 antibody by using standard, synthetic polymer-based detection m...

Murawski IJ, Myburgh DB, Favor J, Gupta IR. Vesico-ureteric reflux and urinary tract development in the Pax2 / mouse. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293: F1736–F1745, 2007. First published September 19, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00221.2007.—Vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) is a urinary tract abnormality that affects roughly one-third of patients with renal-coloboma syndrome, an autosomal dominant cond...

OBJECTIVES To present a series of four cases of Gartner cysts and their clinical presentation. A bibliographic review was performed. METHODS The series consisted of 4 women, mean age 39, who complained of a bulge at the anterior vaginal wall, associated with a variety of urinary symptoms. RESULTS Surgical removal was performed in all cases. The pathological studies confirmed the diagnosis o...

The mammalian pro- and mesonephros are transient embryonic kidneys essential for urogenital system development. The nephric (Wolffian) duct, which is a central constituent of both structures, elongates caudally along a stereotypical path to reach the hindlimb level where it induces metanephros (adult kidney) formation, while the remaining duct gives rise to the male genital tract (epidydimis, v...

mirizzi’s syndrome is a rare complication of gallstone disease , that gallbladder lumen can lie alongside the common hepatic duct, resulting in inflamation and resultan bile duct stricture . most cases are not indentified preoperatively. variations of the cystic duct and its point of :union: with the common hepatic duct are surgically important . here, we present an unusual case of type i miriz...

The kidney, the metanephros, is formed by reciprocal interactions between the metanephric mesenchyme and the ureteric bud, the latter of which is derived from the Wolffian duct that elongates in the rostral-to-caudal direction. Sall1 expressed in the metanephric mesenchyme is essential for ureteric bud attraction in kidney development. Sall4, another member of the Sall gene family, is required ...

Wolffian tumor is a rare neoplasm, arising from the remnants of the mesonephric duct, such as the broad ligament, tube, ovarian hilum, peritoneum and mesosalpinx. It is synonyms include Female adnexal tumor of probable wolffian origin (FATWO), wolffian adenoma and wolffian adnexal tumor. It is thought to be a benign lesion, although in some cases metastasis or recurrences have been reported eve...

The development of the Wolffian/epididymal duct is crucial for proper function and, therefore, male fertility. The development of the epididymis is complex; the initial stages form as a transient embryonic kidney; then the mesonephros is formed, which in turn undergoes extensive morphogenesis under the influence of androgens and growth factors. Thus, understanding of its full development requir...