There are two conventional treatments for clinically resectable rectal cancer. The first is surgery followed by postoperative combinedmodality therapy if the tumor is T3 and/or N1/2. The second, if the tumor is ultrasound T3 or clinical T4, is preoperative combined-modality therapy followed by surgery and postoperative chemotherapy. There are a number of new chemotherapeutic agents that have be...

An idea for a new combination therapy will be described herein. It is a proposition to combine viral and bacterial anticancer therapies and make them fight cancer in concert. We analyzed biological anticancer therapies and found overlapping advantages and disadvantages which led us to the conclusion that the combination therapy has the potential to create a new therapeutic quality. It is surpri...

Medical practitioners are recommending combination therapy in cancer for its various advantages. Combination therapy increases the efficacy of treatment due to its synergistic effects in cancer treatment. In this post-genomic era, microRNAs (miRNAs) are receiving attention for their role in human disease and disease therapy. In this review, we discuss the combination of miRNAs and chemotherapeu...

Recently, a CTLA-4 antibody and BRAF inhibitors showed survival benefits in advance melanoma treatment. The documentation of immune infiltrates in melanomas early during BRAF inhibitor therapy provides a scientific rationale for combination therapy with both treatments with possible synergistic benefits. This commentary reviews immune responses induced by BRAF inhibitors.

The advent of effective combination chemotherapy markedly changed the management of Hodgkin lymphoma, establishing combined modality therapy as the standard of care for most patients with this disease. In response, significant interest has been shown in refining the delivery of radiation in the combined modality setting such that toxicity is minimized while still preserving disease control. An ...