This paper presents the performance-based optimization of strut-and-tie models in reinforced concrete beam-column connections. The performance-based optimization (PBO) technique is employed to investigate optimal strut-and-tie models in reinforced concrete beam-column connections. Developing strut-and-tie models in reinforced concrete beam-column connections is treated as a topology optimizatio...

Stone column replacement of soft soil foundation construction method is more and used in water conservancy projects. On the one hand, stone has high permeability, which enhances dissipation capacity excess pore pressure; on other it a stiffness, reduces additional stress soil, therefore pressure. These two mechanisms work together to improve bearing soil. In previous plane strain transformation...

A thermal infrared grating spectrometer was developed for field studies in the earth sciences. The design is based on a reflection grating and a 60-element HgCdTe detector array. The useful spectral range of the instrument covers 7.9-11.3 pm with a Nyquist limited resolution of 0.16 pm. The instrument averages over a 12" field of view and compares the exitance of the target to that of an intern...

Since, it is essential to provide homeless people by the earthquake with safe, habitable accommodation repairing medium and slight levels of damage at the connection parts should be undertaken. In order to prove that a repaired connection was sufficiently strong, a precast beam to column post tensioned connection was tested in three phases. In phase one, the middle level damage was observed at ...

In this paper, experimental testing and numerical analysis were used to investigate the effect of tube thickness on the face bending for concrete filled hollow sections connected to other structural members using Extended Hollobolts. Six samples were tested experimentally by applying pull-out load on the bolts. These samples were designed to fail by column face bending. The main variable in all...