Colour vision allows animals to reliably distinguish differences in the distributions of spectral energies reaching the eye. Although not universal, a capacity for colour vision is sufficiently widespread across the animal kingdom to provide prima facie evidence of its importance as a tool for analysing and interpreting the visual environment. The basic biological mechanisms on which vertebrate...

Colour vision in the marine environment is on average simpler than in terrestrial environments with simple or no colour vision through monochromacy or dichromacy. Monochromacy is found in marine mammals and elasmobranchs, including whales and sharks, but not some rays. Conversely, there is also a greater diversity of colour vision in the ocean than on land, examples being the polyspectral stoma...

OBJECTIVES To investigate loss of colour vision related to exposure to solvents and the role of three enzyme polymorphisms in modifying the risk in exposed workers. METHODS A sample was studied of 68 male dockyard workers and 42 male community controls with and without neuropsychological symptoms from a previous cross sectional study. Indices of cumulative and intensity based exposure to solv...

We have developed 3 series of pseudoisochromatic plates for colour vision testing. The plates are arranged in order of increasing difficulty. In the first (red/green) series, a red Landolt C is shown in front of a green background. This series is used to determine the severity of colour vision deficiency. In the second series, colours are located on the protan confusion line, whereas in the thi...

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in learning how colour vision has evolved. This trend has been fuelled by an enhanced understanding of the nature and extent of colour vision among contemporary species, by a deeper understanding of the paleontological record and by the application of new tools from molecular biology. This review provides an assessment of the progress in understand...

BACKGROUND Colour vision assessment correlates with damage of the visual pathway and might be informative of overall brain damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to investigate the association between impaired colour vision and disease severity. METHODS We performed neurological and ophthalmic examinations, as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and...