Experimental studies suggest that vitamin D and calcium protect against cancer by reducing proliferation and inducing differentiation. The effects of vitamin D and calcium may be mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is encoded by the VDR gene. The present study investigated whether calcium intake and serum vitamin D, as an integrated measure of intake and endogenous production, were ...

Purpose: It is widely acknowledged that chronic low-grade inflammation plays a key role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The level of circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6), one of themajor proinflammatory adipokines, is correlatedwith obesity and insulin resistance, which are known to be risk factors for colorectal adenoma. We examined the association bet...

BACKGROUND Evidence indicates that most cases of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) develop from adenoma. A previous study demonstrated that mitochondrial Tu translation elongation factor (TUFM) might serve as an independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer. However, the expression and function of TUFM in the normal-adenoma-cancer sequence have not been reported. In this study, we investigated t...

AIM To investigate the clinical utility of biological age (BA) measurement in screening colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal adenomas in the average-risk population. METHODS A consecutive series of asymptomatic subjects aged ≥ 30 years who underwent colonoscopy in routine check-ups were enrolled. Colorectal adenoma was classified according to size, number, and location. BAs were calcul...

The authors examined the association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25(OH)D(3)), the best indicator of total vitamin D exposure, and incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma risk in a pooled analysis of primary data from 3 colonoscopy-based case-control studies conducted in Minnesota, North Carolina, and South Carolina between 1991 and 2002. The pooled study included 616 colorectal ad...

Patients 1121 patients (mean age 57 y, 64% men) who had ≥ 1 of the following: ≥ 1 histologically confirmed colorectal adenoma removed < 3 months before recruitment; ≥ 1 histologically confirmed adenoma removed ≤ 16 months before recruitment and a lifetime history of ≥ 2 confirmed adenomas; or a histologically confirmed adenoma ≥ 1 cm in diameter removed < 16 months before recruitment. Exclusion...

Patients 1121 patients (mean age 57 y, 64% men) who had ≥ 1 of the following: ≥ 1 histologically confirmed colorectal adenoma removed < 3 months before recruitment; ≥ 1 histologically confirmed adenoma removed ≤ 16 months before recruitment and a lifetime history of ≥ 2 confirmed adenomas; or a histologically confirmed adenoma ≥ 1 cm in diameter removed < 16 months before recruitment. Exclusion...

BACKGROUND Determinants of insulin secretion and insulin-like growth factors (IGF) have been directly associated with risk for colorectal cancer. However, few studies have evaluated whether these factors are also associated with risk of colorectal adenoma, the main precursor lesion to colorectal cancer. METHODS We identified 380 distal colorectal adenoma cases diagnosed between 1989 and 1998 ...

Background/Aims There is substantial evidence supporting a role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer; however, little is known about the association between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and the risk of colorectal adenoma. This study was conducted to investigate the association between serum CRP and colorectal adenoma risk. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study wa...

BACKGROUND Colorectal adenomas are benign lesions that may be precursors to colorectal cancer. No studies of African American women have investigated dietary patterns and the risk of developing colorectal adenomas. We examined data from the Black Women's Health Study to determine whether dietary patterns are associated with the risk of developing colorectal adenomas. METHODS This is a prospec...